Diagnosis of mycobacterium avium complex infection utilizing metagenomics next-generation sequencing: a case report
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) is a type of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and is associated with underlying pulmonary diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, chronic aspiration or recurrent pneumonia, inactive or active tuberculosis, pneumoconio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1247034/full |
| _version_ | 1797657295651340288 |
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| author | Hongli Li Luqing Wei Fenge Li Fenge Li |
| author_facet | Hongli Li Luqing Wei Fenge Li Fenge Li |
| author_sort | Hongli Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) is a type of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and is associated with underlying pulmonary diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, chronic aspiration or recurrent pneumonia, inactive or active tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis, and bronchogenic carcinoma. The risk factors for NTM-PD include host, drug, and environmental factors. In this report, we present the case of a 61-year-old man who developed bilateral lung nodules and was experiencing severe hemoptysis. The repeat acid-fast bacilli test performed on both sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples showed a negative result, as did the GeneXpert test. We employed metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to analyze the lung nodule and BALF samples collected from the patient. Both samples tested positive for MAC within 3 days. In addition, traditional MAC culture, conducted for 2 months, confirmed the growth of MAC in the patient’s BALF. Then, the patient was treated accordingly. Following treatment, a high-resolution chest computed tomography scan revealed a significant reduction in lung nodules of the patient after 2 months. These results indicate that MAC-associated lung nodules were responsible for the patient’s symptoms, emphasizing the need for vigilance in diagnosing MAC infection in the patient without predisposing conditions. Furthermore, these results highlight the potential utility of mNGS as a promising rapid diagnostic tool for MAC infection and its potential role in the diagnosis of NTM disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T17:42:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f05ac5c20977479cb7c870a2592b2da3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T17:42:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-f05ac5c20977479cb7c870a2592b2da32023-10-18T09:18:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2023-10-011010.3389/fmed.2023.12470341247034Diagnosis of mycobacterium avium complex infection utilizing metagenomics next-generation sequencing: a case reportHongli Li0Luqing Wei1Fenge Li2Fenge Li3Department of Respiratory, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaCore Laboratory, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaMycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) is a type of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and is associated with underlying pulmonary diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, chronic aspiration or recurrent pneumonia, inactive or active tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis, and bronchogenic carcinoma. The risk factors for NTM-PD include host, drug, and environmental factors. In this report, we present the case of a 61-year-old man who developed bilateral lung nodules and was experiencing severe hemoptysis. The repeat acid-fast bacilli test performed on both sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples showed a negative result, as did the GeneXpert test. We employed metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to analyze the lung nodule and BALF samples collected from the patient. Both samples tested positive for MAC within 3 days. In addition, traditional MAC culture, conducted for 2 months, confirmed the growth of MAC in the patient’s BALF. Then, the patient was treated accordingly. Following treatment, a high-resolution chest computed tomography scan revealed a significant reduction in lung nodules of the patient after 2 months. These results indicate that MAC-associated lung nodules were responsible for the patient’s symptoms, emphasizing the need for vigilance in diagnosing MAC infection in the patient without predisposing conditions. Furthermore, these results highlight the potential utility of mNGS as a promising rapid diagnostic tool for MAC infection and its potential role in the diagnosis of NTM disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1247034/fullnontuberculous mycobacteriumMycobacterium aviumpulmonary diseasemetagenomics next-generation sequencingdiagnosis |
| spellingShingle | Hongli Li Luqing Wei Fenge Li Fenge Li Diagnosis of mycobacterium avium complex infection utilizing metagenomics next-generation sequencing: a case report Frontiers in Medicine nontuberculous mycobacterium Mycobacterium avium pulmonary disease metagenomics next-generation sequencing diagnosis |
| title | Diagnosis of mycobacterium avium complex infection utilizing metagenomics next-generation sequencing: a case report |
| title_full | Diagnosis of mycobacterium avium complex infection utilizing metagenomics next-generation sequencing: a case report |
| title_fullStr | Diagnosis of mycobacterium avium complex infection utilizing metagenomics next-generation sequencing: a case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnosis of mycobacterium avium complex infection utilizing metagenomics next-generation sequencing: a case report |
| title_short | Diagnosis of mycobacterium avium complex infection utilizing metagenomics next-generation sequencing: a case report |
| title_sort | diagnosis of mycobacterium avium complex infection utilizing metagenomics next generation sequencing a case report |
| topic | nontuberculous mycobacterium Mycobacterium avium pulmonary disease metagenomics next-generation sequencing diagnosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1247034/full |
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