Role of B-scan in Blunt Ocular Trauma: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Ocular trauma is a significant cause of unilateral vision loss, especially in developing countries. Proper assessment of ocular damage and prompt treatment initiation after the injury have a crucial impact on the final outcome. B-scan Ultrasonography (USG) plays an important role i...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.jcdr.net/articles/PDF/18362/61981_CE[Ra1]_F[SK]_QC(AN_SL)_PF1(AG_KM)_PFA(AG_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: Ocular trauma is a significant cause of unilateral
vision loss, especially in developing countries. Proper
assessment of ocular damage and prompt treatment initiation
after the injury have a crucial impact on the final outcome. B-scan
Ultrasonography (USG) plays an important role in detecting
findings that may not be evident during clinical examination.
Aim: To assess the role of B-scan in blunt ocular trauma and to
determine if B-scan provides any additional advantages over
clinical examination.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted
from May 1, 2021 to April 30, 2022, at Hind Institute of Medical
Sciences, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Fifty consecutive
patients with blunt ocular trauma, presenting with hazy or
opaque ocular media or unexplained visual loss during clinical
examination, were evaluated in the casualty and ophthalmology
Out Patient Department (OPD). The frequency of lesions
such as traumatic cataract, vitreous degeneration, and retinal
detachment was assessed clinically and using B-scan USG.
Anterior and posterior segment manifestations of blunt trauma,
including traumatic cataract, vitreous haemorrhage, and retinal
detachment, were evaluated clinically and with B-scan imaging.
Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for
the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0, including frequency
counts, percentage calculations, and Kappa’s statistical analysis
to correlate B-scan USG and clinical findings.
Results: Majority of patients (28%) were in the age group of
21-30 years. Workplace-related injuries, particularly agricultural
injuries, were the most common cause of blunt ocular trauma
(30%). Traumatic cataract (44%), vitreous degeneration (8%),
vitreous haemorrhage (6%), and retinal detachment (4%) were
the common clinical posterior segment findings. On B-scan
USG, the most frequent findings were retinal detachment
(30%) and vitreous haemorrhage (28%). Choroidal detachment
was noted in 2% of cases. B-scan USG was more helpful in
accurately diagnosing vitreous lesions and retinal lesions (52%,
30%) compared to clinical examination (16%, 6%).
Conclusion: B-scan USG emerged as a superior diagnostic
tool for identifying posterior segment lesions, including vitreous,
retinal, and choroidal lesions. Lesions such as retinal detachment
and vitreous haemorrhage were more easily identified using
USG, especially in the presence of hazy or opaque media.
Therefore, B-scan USG should be considered an integral part
of all ophthalmic set-ups dealing with trauma to avoid missing
significant posterior segment pathologies. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |