Muscle Exercise Mitigates the Negative Influence of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Lack of Muscle Strength: A Cross-Sectional Study
Socioeconomic status (SES), which takes into account household income and education level, is an important factor in the role of muscle strength as a discriminator of sarcopenia. Although the benefits of exercise on muscle strength are well recognized, its influence on people of different SES has no...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-09-01
|
| Series: | Healthcare |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/10/1244 |
| _version_ | 1797514482588581888 |
|---|---|
| author | Hanna Lee Mi-Ji Kim Junhee Lee Mingyo Kim Young Sun Suh Hyun-Ok Kim Yun-Hong Cheon |
| author_facet | Hanna Lee Mi-Ji Kim Junhee Lee Mingyo Kim Young Sun Suh Hyun-Ok Kim Yun-Hong Cheon |
| author_sort | Hanna Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Socioeconomic status (SES), which takes into account household income and education level, is an important factor in the role of muscle strength as a discriminator of sarcopenia. Although the benefits of exercise on muscle strength are well recognized, its influence on people of different SES has not been fully elucidated, informing the aim of this study. A total of 6081 subjects, for which we had complete data on measurements of handgrip strength (HGS) and other relevant variables, were included from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) VII-3. A multivariable analysis showed that people with a low household income (odds ratio (OR) 1.637, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and low education status (OR 2.351, <i>p</i> < 0.001) had a poor HGS compared to those with a high SES, and that the difference in HGS made by muscle exercise was greater for people with a low household income (OR 7.082 vs. 3.619, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and low education status (OR 14.711 vs. 6.383, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Three-step logistic regression analysis showed that muscle exercise mediated the relationship between muscle strength and low household income (OR from 1.772 to 1.736, z = 2.373, <i>p</i> = 0.017) and low education level (OR from 2.368 to 2.309, z = 2.489, <i>p</i> = 0.012). This study confirmed that exercise improves the negative effect of SES on muscle strength, suggesting the greater importance of muscle exercise for people with a low SES. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:32:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f085f3ea50be4f199af4aa0fec83210b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:32:15Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-f085f3ea50be4f199af4aa0fec83210b2023-11-22T18:23:55ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322021-09-01910124410.3390/healthcare9101244Muscle Exercise Mitigates the Negative Influence of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Lack of Muscle Strength: A Cross-Sectional StudyHanna Lee0Mi-Ji Kim1Junhee Lee2Mingyo Kim3Young Sun Suh4Hyun-Ok Kim5Yun-Hong Cheon6Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Hospital, Jinju 52727, KoreaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, KoreaDepartment of Health Informatics and Health Information Management, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Hospital, Jinju 52727, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 52727, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 52727, KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Hospital, Jinju 52727, KoreaSocioeconomic status (SES), which takes into account household income and education level, is an important factor in the role of muscle strength as a discriminator of sarcopenia. Although the benefits of exercise on muscle strength are well recognized, its influence on people of different SES has not been fully elucidated, informing the aim of this study. A total of 6081 subjects, for which we had complete data on measurements of handgrip strength (HGS) and other relevant variables, were included from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) VII-3. A multivariable analysis showed that people with a low household income (odds ratio (OR) 1.637, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and low education status (OR 2.351, <i>p</i> < 0.001) had a poor HGS compared to those with a high SES, and that the difference in HGS made by muscle exercise was greater for people with a low household income (OR 7.082 vs. 3.619, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and low education status (OR 14.711 vs. 6.383, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Three-step logistic regression analysis showed that muscle exercise mediated the relationship between muscle strength and low household income (OR from 1.772 to 1.736, z = 2.373, <i>p</i> = 0.017) and low education level (OR from 2.368 to 2.309, z = 2.489, <i>p</i> = 0.012). This study confirmed that exercise improves the negative effect of SES on muscle strength, suggesting the greater importance of muscle exercise for people with a low SES.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/10/1244socioeconomic statussarcopeniahandgrip strengthmuscle massmuscle exercise |
| spellingShingle | Hanna Lee Mi-Ji Kim Junhee Lee Mingyo Kim Young Sun Suh Hyun-Ok Kim Yun-Hong Cheon Muscle Exercise Mitigates the Negative Influence of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Lack of Muscle Strength: A Cross-Sectional Study Healthcare socioeconomic status sarcopenia handgrip strength muscle mass muscle exercise |
| title | Muscle Exercise Mitigates the Negative Influence of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Lack of Muscle Strength: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Muscle Exercise Mitigates the Negative Influence of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Lack of Muscle Strength: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Muscle Exercise Mitigates the Negative Influence of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Lack of Muscle Strength: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Muscle Exercise Mitigates the Negative Influence of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Lack of Muscle Strength: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Muscle Exercise Mitigates the Negative Influence of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Lack of Muscle Strength: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | muscle exercise mitigates the negative influence of low socioeconomic status on the lack of muscle strength a cross sectional study |
| topic | socioeconomic status sarcopenia handgrip strength muscle mass muscle exercise |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/10/1244 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hannalee muscleexercisemitigatesthenegativeinfluenceoflowsocioeconomicstatusonthelackofmusclestrengthacrosssectionalstudy AT mijikim muscleexercisemitigatesthenegativeinfluenceoflowsocioeconomicstatusonthelackofmusclestrengthacrosssectionalstudy AT junheelee muscleexercisemitigatesthenegativeinfluenceoflowsocioeconomicstatusonthelackofmusclestrengthacrosssectionalstudy AT mingyokim muscleexercisemitigatesthenegativeinfluenceoflowsocioeconomicstatusonthelackofmusclestrengthacrosssectionalstudy AT youngsunsuh muscleexercisemitigatesthenegativeinfluenceoflowsocioeconomicstatusonthelackofmusclestrengthacrosssectionalstudy AT hyunokkim muscleexercisemitigatesthenegativeinfluenceoflowsocioeconomicstatusonthelackofmusclestrengthacrosssectionalstudy AT yunhongcheon muscleexercisemitigatesthenegativeinfluenceoflowsocioeconomicstatusonthelackofmusclestrengthacrosssectionalstudy |