Development of autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection: case report
BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 could trigger multiple immune responses, leading to several autoimmune diseases, including thyroid diseases. Many cases of thyroid diseases caused by COVID-19 infection have been reported. Here, we describe the disease development of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease afte...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1303855/full |
| _version_ | 1797322458160693248 |
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| author | Si-na Du Jian-wei Chen Wei Li Meng-chuan Wang Yu-shan Mao |
| author_facet | Si-na Du Jian-wei Chen Wei Li Meng-chuan Wang Yu-shan Mao |
| author_sort | Si-na Du |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 could trigger multiple immune responses, leading to several autoimmune diseases, including thyroid diseases. Many cases of thyroid diseases caused by COVID-19 infection have been reported. Here, we describe the disease development of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection.MethodsThe clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of five different patients with autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection were reported.ResultsFemale patients with primary autoimmune thyroid disease which have been stable for many years were reported. One month after COVID-19 infection, the disease has undergone different evolution. Case 1, a patient with history of long-term stable Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, suddenly suffered from Graves disease after COVID-19 infection. Case 2, a patient with history of long-term stable Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with thyroid nodules, suddenly suffered from Graves disease after infection. Case 3, a patient with history of long-term stable Graves disease, suddenly suffered from worsening after infection. The above three cases showed thyroid-stimulating antibodies were enhanced. Case 4, a patient with history of previous hypothyroidism had an increase in thyroid-related antibody (TPOAb and TRAb) activity after infection, followed by a marked worsening of hypothyroidism. Case 5, a patient with no history of thyroid disease suddenly developed controllable “thyrotoxicosis” after infection, suggesting the diagnosis of painless thyroiditis.ConclusionThe five case reports show a different development of the primary autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection. The change in the trend of thyroid disease is closely related to the immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T05:13:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f086c30d270549b4a49fc5a53ff98422 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T05:13:41Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-f086c30d270549b4a49fc5a53ff984222024-02-07T05:04:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2024-02-011110.3389/fmed.2024.13038551303855Development of autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection: case reportSi-na Du0Jian-wei Chen1Wei Li2Meng-chuan Wang3Yu-shan Mao4Department of Endocrinology, Cixi People Hospital Medical Health Group (Cixi People Hospital), Cixi, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Cixi People Hospital Medical Health Group (Cixi People Hospital), Cixi, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Cixi People Hospital Medical Health Group (Cixi People Hospital), Cixi, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, ChinaBackgroundSARS-CoV-2 could trigger multiple immune responses, leading to several autoimmune diseases, including thyroid diseases. Many cases of thyroid diseases caused by COVID-19 infection have been reported. Here, we describe the disease development of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection.MethodsThe clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of five different patients with autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection were reported.ResultsFemale patients with primary autoimmune thyroid disease which have been stable for many years were reported. One month after COVID-19 infection, the disease has undergone different evolution. Case 1, a patient with history of long-term stable Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, suddenly suffered from Graves disease after COVID-19 infection. Case 2, a patient with history of long-term stable Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with thyroid nodules, suddenly suffered from Graves disease after infection. Case 3, a patient with history of long-term stable Graves disease, suddenly suffered from worsening after infection. The above three cases showed thyroid-stimulating antibodies were enhanced. Case 4, a patient with history of previous hypothyroidism had an increase in thyroid-related antibody (TPOAb and TRAb) activity after infection, followed by a marked worsening of hypothyroidism. Case 5, a patient with no history of thyroid disease suddenly developed controllable “thyrotoxicosis” after infection, suggesting the diagnosis of painless thyroiditis.ConclusionThe five case reports show a different development of the primary autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection. The change in the trend of thyroid disease is closely related to the immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1303855/fullSARS-CoV-2Graves’ diseaseautoimmune thyroiditishyperthyroidismhypothyroidism |
| spellingShingle | Si-na Du Jian-wei Chen Wei Li Meng-chuan Wang Yu-shan Mao Development of autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection: case report Frontiers in Medicine SARS-CoV-2 Graves’ disease autoimmune thyroiditis hyperthyroidism hypothyroidism |
| title | Development of autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection: case report |
| title_full | Development of autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection: case report |
| title_fullStr | Development of autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection: case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection: case report |
| title_short | Development of autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection: case report |
| title_sort | development of autoimmune thyroid disease after covid 19 infection case report |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 Graves’ disease autoimmune thyroiditis hyperthyroidism hypothyroidism |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1303855/full |
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