Effect of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder on Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Arteriole Remodeling in Low-Temperature-Exposed Broilers
Chinese herbal medicine plays an important role in regulating the nutritional metabolism of poultry and maintaining or improving normal physiological functions and animal health. The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Qiling Jiaogulan Powder (QLJP) on pulmonary fi...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/1/5 |
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| author | Juan Yu Peng Li Zhibian Duan Xingyou Liu |
| author_facet | Juan Yu Peng Li Zhibian Duan Xingyou Liu |
| author_sort | Juan Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chinese herbal medicine plays an important role in regulating the nutritional metabolism of poultry and maintaining or improving normal physiological functions and animal health. The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Qiling Jiaogulan Powder (QLJP) on pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary arteriole remodeling in low temperature-exposed broilers. Seven-day-old Ross 308 broilers (<i>n</i> = 240) were reared adaptively to 14 days of age. The broilers were randomly divided into six groups: A control group (basal diet and normal feeding temperature); model group (basal diet); low-, medium- and high-dose QLJP groups (basal diet supplemented with 1 g/kg, 2 g/kg, 4 g/kg QLJP); and L-Arg group (basal diet supplemented with 10 g/kg L-arginine). Additionally, all the broilers, except the broilers in the control group, from the age of 14 days old, had a house temperature continuously lowered by 2 °C each day until it reached 12 °C at 21 days of age, and the low temperature was maintained until the end of the experiment. There were four replicates per group and 10 birds per replicate. The results showed that the structure of the lung tissue was clearer and basically intact in the broilers in the QLJP groups, with a small number of collagen fibers formed, and the content of hydroxyproline (HYP) was significantly reduced. QLJP improved pulmonary arteriole lesions, such as tunica media thickening, intimal hyperplasia, arterial wall hypertrophy, and lumen narrowing. QLJP reduced the relative media thickness (%) and relative medial area (%) of the pulmonary arteriole, and significantly decreased the expression level of the alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein in pulmonary arteriole, which alleviated pulmonary arteriole remodeling. The quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results showed that QLJP treatment significantly reduced the gene and protein levels of transforming growth factor-beta l (TGF-β1) and Smad2 in the lung and downregulated the gene and protein levels of collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). In conclusion, the results of our study suggested that dietary supplementation with QLJP improved pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary arteriole remodeling by inhibiting the expression of genes related to the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway and inhibited the occurrence and development of pulmonary arterial hypertension in low-temperature-exposed broilers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:13:19Z |
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| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:13:19Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f08c4f75860349cab51647e251f390a12023-11-16T14:17:54ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-12-01131510.3390/ani13010005Effect of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder on Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Arteriole Remodeling in Low-Temperature-Exposed BroilersJuan Yu0Peng Li1Zhibian Duan2Xingyou Liu3School of Life Sciences and Basic Medicine, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences and Basic Medicine, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030800, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences and Basic Medicine, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, ChinaChinese herbal medicine plays an important role in regulating the nutritional metabolism of poultry and maintaining or improving normal physiological functions and animal health. The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Qiling Jiaogulan Powder (QLJP) on pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary arteriole remodeling in low temperature-exposed broilers. Seven-day-old Ross 308 broilers (<i>n</i> = 240) were reared adaptively to 14 days of age. The broilers were randomly divided into six groups: A control group (basal diet and normal feeding temperature); model group (basal diet); low-, medium- and high-dose QLJP groups (basal diet supplemented with 1 g/kg, 2 g/kg, 4 g/kg QLJP); and L-Arg group (basal diet supplemented with 10 g/kg L-arginine). Additionally, all the broilers, except the broilers in the control group, from the age of 14 days old, had a house temperature continuously lowered by 2 °C each day until it reached 12 °C at 21 days of age, and the low temperature was maintained until the end of the experiment. There were four replicates per group and 10 birds per replicate. The results showed that the structure of the lung tissue was clearer and basically intact in the broilers in the QLJP groups, with a small number of collagen fibers formed, and the content of hydroxyproline (HYP) was significantly reduced. QLJP improved pulmonary arteriole lesions, such as tunica media thickening, intimal hyperplasia, arterial wall hypertrophy, and lumen narrowing. QLJP reduced the relative media thickness (%) and relative medial area (%) of the pulmonary arteriole, and significantly decreased the expression level of the alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein in pulmonary arteriole, which alleviated pulmonary arteriole remodeling. The quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results showed that QLJP treatment significantly reduced the gene and protein levels of transforming growth factor-beta l (TGF-β1) and Smad2 in the lung and downregulated the gene and protein levels of collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). In conclusion, the results of our study suggested that dietary supplementation with QLJP improved pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary arteriole remodeling by inhibiting the expression of genes related to the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway and inhibited the occurrence and development of pulmonary arterial hypertension in low-temperature-exposed broilers.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/1/5Qiling Jiaogulan Powderbroilerpulmonary fibrosispulmonary arteriole remodelingTGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway |
| spellingShingle | Juan Yu Peng Li Zhibian Duan Xingyou Liu Effect of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder on Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Arteriole Remodeling in Low-Temperature-Exposed Broilers Animals Qiling Jiaogulan Powder broiler pulmonary fibrosis pulmonary arteriole remodeling TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway |
| title | Effect of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder on Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Arteriole Remodeling in Low-Temperature-Exposed Broilers |
| title_full | Effect of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder on Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Arteriole Remodeling in Low-Temperature-Exposed Broilers |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder on Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Arteriole Remodeling in Low-Temperature-Exposed Broilers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder on Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Arteriole Remodeling in Low-Temperature-Exposed Broilers |
| title_short | Effect of Qiling Jiaogulan Powder on Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Arteriole Remodeling in Low-Temperature-Exposed Broilers |
| title_sort | effect of qiling jiaogulan powder on pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary arteriole remodeling in low temperature exposed broilers |
| topic | Qiling Jiaogulan Powder broiler pulmonary fibrosis pulmonary arteriole remodeling TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/1/5 |
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