Exploring the geographical distribution of cryptosporidiosis in the cattle population of Southern Ontario, Canada, 2011-2014
Cryptosporidiosis is an infectious disease of relevance to the cattle industry. The southern region of the Canadian province of Ontario is characterised by widespread cattle farming that is a key contributor to the Canadian dairy industry. Given Ontario’s key role in the Canadian dairy industry and...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PAGEPress Publications
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Geospatial Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.geospatialhealth.net/index.php/gh/article/view/769 |
| _version_ | 1828780173038714880 |
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| author | Andrea Nwosu Olaf Berke David L. Pearl Lise A. Trotz-Williams |
| author_facet | Andrea Nwosu Olaf Berke David L. Pearl Lise A. Trotz-Williams |
| author_sort | Andrea Nwosu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cryptosporidiosis is an infectious disease of relevance to the cattle industry. The southern region of the Canadian province of Ontario is characterised by widespread cattle farming that is a key contributor to the Canadian dairy industry. Given Ontario’s key role in the Canadian dairy industry and the potential impact that cryptosporidiosis can have on cattle operations, identifying areas of increased risk for bovine cryptosporidiosis is important. The primary goal of this study was to explore the distribution of bovine cryptosporidiosis, across the geographical areas served by the 29 Public Health Units (PHUs) of Southern Ontario, in the period 2011-2014. Laboratory data on bovine cryptosporidiosis were collected from the Animal Health Laboratory at the University of Guelph, Canada. Using veterinary clinic locations as a proxy for farm location, choropleth and isopleth maps were produced. Highrisk clusters of bovine cryptosporidiosis were identified using the flexible spatial scan test. Assessment of the potential for spatial misclassification bias resulting from a proxy location variable was conducted. The overall raw farm-level prevalence of bovine cryptosporidiosis was 45% [95% confidence interval, CI: 42%-48%]. A cluster was identified in the central-west region of Southern Ontario (relative risk 1.30 [95% CI: 1.07-1.54, P=0.026]) meaning that cattle in the areas served by the Bruce-Grey-Owen Sound, Huron, Wellington-Dufferin Guelph and Waterloo PHUs were at a higher risk for infection. Given that this area is known for having a high-density of dairy cattle, it should be considered as a target for further surveillance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:14:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f0a1d684e28847bc8e308cecf4a9c452 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1827-1987 1970-7096 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:14:06Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | PAGEPress Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geospatial Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-f0a1d684e28847bc8e308cecf4a9c4522022-12-22T00:57:26ZengPAGEPress PublicationsGeospatial Health1827-19871970-70962019-11-0114210.4081/gh.2019.769Exploring the geographical distribution of cryptosporidiosis in the cattle population of Southern Ontario, Canada, 2011-2014Andrea Nwosu0Olaf Berke1David L. Pearl2Lise A. Trotz-Williams3Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, GuelphDepartment of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, GuelphDepartment of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, GuelphWellington-Dufferin Guelph Public Health, GuelphCryptosporidiosis is an infectious disease of relevance to the cattle industry. The southern region of the Canadian province of Ontario is characterised by widespread cattle farming that is a key contributor to the Canadian dairy industry. Given Ontario’s key role in the Canadian dairy industry and the potential impact that cryptosporidiosis can have on cattle operations, identifying areas of increased risk for bovine cryptosporidiosis is important. The primary goal of this study was to explore the distribution of bovine cryptosporidiosis, across the geographical areas served by the 29 Public Health Units (PHUs) of Southern Ontario, in the period 2011-2014. Laboratory data on bovine cryptosporidiosis were collected from the Animal Health Laboratory at the University of Guelph, Canada. Using veterinary clinic locations as a proxy for farm location, choropleth and isopleth maps were produced. Highrisk clusters of bovine cryptosporidiosis were identified using the flexible spatial scan test. Assessment of the potential for spatial misclassification bias resulting from a proxy location variable was conducted. The overall raw farm-level prevalence of bovine cryptosporidiosis was 45% [95% confidence interval, CI: 42%-48%]. A cluster was identified in the central-west region of Southern Ontario (relative risk 1.30 [95% CI: 1.07-1.54, P=0.026]) meaning that cattle in the areas served by the Bruce-Grey-Owen Sound, Huron, Wellington-Dufferin Guelph and Waterloo PHUs were at a higher risk for infection. Given that this area is known for having a high-density of dairy cattle, it should be considered as a target for further surveillance.https://www.geospatialhealth.net/index.php/gh/article/view/769CryptosporidiumCattleSouthern OntarioGeospatialSpatial statistics |
| spellingShingle | Andrea Nwosu Olaf Berke David L. Pearl Lise A. Trotz-Williams Exploring the geographical distribution of cryptosporidiosis in the cattle population of Southern Ontario, Canada, 2011-2014 Geospatial Health Cryptosporidium Cattle Southern Ontario Geospatial Spatial statistics |
| title | Exploring the geographical distribution of cryptosporidiosis in the cattle population of Southern Ontario, Canada, 2011-2014 |
| title_full | Exploring the geographical distribution of cryptosporidiosis in the cattle population of Southern Ontario, Canada, 2011-2014 |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the geographical distribution of cryptosporidiosis in the cattle population of Southern Ontario, Canada, 2011-2014 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the geographical distribution of cryptosporidiosis in the cattle population of Southern Ontario, Canada, 2011-2014 |
| title_short | Exploring the geographical distribution of cryptosporidiosis in the cattle population of Southern Ontario, Canada, 2011-2014 |
| title_sort | exploring the geographical distribution of cryptosporidiosis in the cattle population of southern ontario canada 2011 2014 |
| topic | Cryptosporidium Cattle Southern Ontario Geospatial Spatial statistics |
| url | https://www.geospatialhealth.net/index.php/gh/article/view/769 |
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