| Summary: | Although classic methods (such as ear tagging, marking, etc.) are generally used for
animal identification and recognition, biometric methods have gained popularity in
recent years due to the advantages they offer. Systems utilizing biometric markers have
been developed for various purposes in animal management, including more effective
and accurate tracking of animals, vaccination, disease management, and prevention
of theft and fraud. Animals" irises, retinas, faces, muzzle, and body patterns contain
unique biometric markers. The use of these markers in computer vision approaches
for animal identification and tracking systems has become a highly effective and
promising research area in recent years. This review aims to provide a general overview
of the latest developments in image processing approaches for animal identification and
recognition applications. In this review, we examined in detail all relevant studies we
could access from different electronic databases for each biometric method. Afterward,
the opportunities and challenges of classical and biometric methods were compared. We
anticipate that this study, which conducts a literature review on animal identification
and recognition based on computer vision approaches, will shed light on future research
towards developing automated systems with biometric methods.
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