Time-resolved characterization of primary particle emissions and secondary particle formation from a modern gasoline passenger car
Changes in vehicle emission reduction technologies significantly affect traffic-related emissions in urban areas. In many densely populated areas the amount of traffic is increasing, keeping the emission level high or even increasing. To understand the health effects of traffic-related emissions,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2016-07-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/8559/2016/acp-16-8559-2016.pdf |
| Summary: | Changes in vehicle emission reduction technologies significantly affect
traffic-related emissions in urban areas. In many densely populated areas the
amount of traffic is increasing, keeping the emission level high or even
increasing. To understand the health effects of traffic-related emissions,
both primary (direct) particulate emission and secondary particle formation
(from gaseous precursors in the exhaust emissions) need to be characterized.
In this study, we used a comprehensive set of measurements to characterize
both primary and secondary particulate emissions of a Euro 5 level gasoline
passenger car. Our aerosol particle study covers the whole process chain in
emission formation, from the tailpipe to the atmosphere, and also takes into
account differences in driving patterns. We observed that, in mass terms,
the amount of secondary particles was 13 times higher than the amount of
primary particles. The formation, composition, number and mass of secondary
particles was significantly affected by driving patterns and engine
conditions. The highest gaseous and particulate emissions were observed at
the beginning of the test cycle when the performance of the engine and the
catalyst was below optimal. The key parameter for secondary particle
formation was the amount of gaseous hydrocarbons in primary emissions;
however, also the primary particle population had an influence. |
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| ISSN: | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |