Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival
Genetic, developmental, biochemical, and environmental variables interact intricately to produce sex differences. The significance of sex differences in cancer susceptibility is being clarified by numerous studies. Epidemiological research and cancer registries have revealed over the past few years...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/6/1255 |
| _version_ | 1797596426467803136 |
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| author | Alessandro Allegra Santino Caserta Sara Genovese Giovanni Pioggia Sebastiano Gangemi |
| author_facet | Alessandro Allegra Santino Caserta Sara Genovese Giovanni Pioggia Sebastiano Gangemi |
| author_sort | Alessandro Allegra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Genetic, developmental, biochemical, and environmental variables interact intricately to produce sex differences. The significance of sex differences in cancer susceptibility is being clarified by numerous studies. Epidemiological research and cancer registries have revealed over the past few years that there are definite sex variations in cancer incidence, progression, and survival. However, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction also have a significant impact on the response to treatment of neoplastic diseases. Young women may be more protected from cancer than men because most of the proteins implicated in the regulation of redox state and mitochondrial function are under the control of sexual hormones. In this review, we describe how sexual hormones control the activity of antioxidant enzymes and mitochondria, as well as how they affect several neoplastic diseases. The molecular pathways that underlie the gender-related discrepancies in cancer that have been identified may be better understood, which may lead to more effective precision medicine and vital information on treatment options for both males and females with neoplastic illnesses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:50:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f0c4d76f46d74c12b2139a80d0f66b2e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:50:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-f0c4d76f46d74c12b2139a80d0f66b2e2023-11-18T09:03:38ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212023-06-01126125510.3390/antiox12061255Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and SurvivalAlessandro Allegra0Santino Caserta1Sara Genovese2Giovanni Pioggia3Sebastiano Gangemi4Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood ‘Gaetano Barresi’, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyDivision of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood ‘Gaetano Barresi’, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyInstitute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, ItalyInstitute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, ItalyAllergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, ItalyGenetic, developmental, biochemical, and environmental variables interact intricately to produce sex differences. The significance of sex differences in cancer susceptibility is being clarified by numerous studies. Epidemiological research and cancer registries have revealed over the past few years that there are definite sex variations in cancer incidence, progression, and survival. However, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction also have a significant impact on the response to treatment of neoplastic diseases. Young women may be more protected from cancer than men because most of the proteins implicated in the regulation of redox state and mitochondrial function are under the control of sexual hormones. In this review, we describe how sexual hormones control the activity of antioxidant enzymes and mitochondria, as well as how they affect several neoplastic diseases. The molecular pathways that underlie the gender-related discrepancies in cancer that have been identified may be better understood, which may lead to more effective precision medicine and vital information on treatment options for both males and females with neoplastic illnesses.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/6/1255gender differencescanceroxidative stressestrogenstestosteroneantioxidant |
| spellingShingle | Alessandro Allegra Santino Caserta Sara Genovese Giovanni Pioggia Sebastiano Gangemi Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival Antioxidants gender differences cancer oxidative stress estrogens testosterone antioxidant |
| title | Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival |
| title_full | Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival |
| title_fullStr | Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival |
| title_short | Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival |
| title_sort | gender differences in oxidative stress in relation to cancer susceptibility and survival |
| topic | gender differences cancer oxidative stress estrogens testosterone antioxidant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/6/1255 |
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