TRAFFIC - RELATED CONCENTRATIONS OF BTEX, FORMALDEHYDE AND ACETALDEHYDE IN TEHRAN; CONCENTRATIONS AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY
Introduction: Traffic and mobile sources are possibly responsible to the most of the ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban areas. This study aimed to measure and determine the traffic - related concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde at...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Air Pollution and Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://japh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/japh/article/view/152 |
| _version_ | 1818273664037027840 |
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| author | Mostafa Hadei Abbas Shahsavani Majid Kermani Baharan Emam Maryam Yarahmadi Reza Bakhtiari |
| author_facet | Mostafa Hadei Abbas Shahsavani Majid Kermani Baharan Emam Maryam Yarahmadi Reza Bakhtiari |
| author_sort | Mostafa Hadei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Traffic and mobile sources are possibly responsible to the most of the ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban areas. This study aimed to measure and determine the traffic - related concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde at the main streets of Tehran, Iran.
Materials and methods: The samples were taken from highly populated streets or main roads with heavy traffic in Central, Northern, Eastern, Southern, and Western areas of Tehran. In total, 33 points for BTEX and 23 points for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were selected for sampling. The sampling and analysis were performed according to NIOSH methods 1501 and 2016.
Results: The averages (± SD) of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde concentrations in Tehran were 15.04 (± 9.18), 23.42 (± 8.73), 4.97 (± 2.55), 11.81 (± 4.46), 107.11 (± 30.58) and 57.10 (± 18.28) ppbv, respectively. Benzene concentrations were 3.30 to 26.00 times higher than air quality standard of European Union (5 μg / m3). High concentrations of BTEX and formaldehyde / acetaldehyde were found in central and eastern areas, respectively. High correlation coefficients were found between BTEX species (r = 0.77-0.95) and also formaldehyde and acetaldehyde (r = 0.98). The highest coefficient of variation (CoV) as a measure of spatial variability was observed for benzene (54.5 %).
Conclusion: The high outdoor concentrations observed in this study needs to be decreased immediately, especially in case of benzene. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T22:01:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f0ecd1b42bc840d0960b176a9a1678b1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2476-3071 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T22:01:33Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Air Pollution and Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-f0ecd1b42bc840d0960b176a9a1678b12022-12-22T00:10:31ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesJournal of Air Pollution and Health2476-30712018-08-0132TRAFFIC - RELATED CONCENTRATIONS OF BTEX, FORMALDEHYDE AND ACETALDEHYDE IN TEHRAN; CONCENTRATIONS AND SPATIAL VARIABILITYMostafa Hadei0Abbas Shahsavani1Majid Kermani2Baharan Emam3Maryam Yarahmadi4Reza Bakhtiari5Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranEnvironmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranEnvironmental and Occupational Health Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, IranInstitute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranIntroduction: Traffic and mobile sources are possibly responsible to the most of the ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban areas. This study aimed to measure and determine the traffic - related concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde at the main streets of Tehran, Iran. Materials and methods: The samples were taken from highly populated streets or main roads with heavy traffic in Central, Northern, Eastern, Southern, and Western areas of Tehran. In total, 33 points for BTEX and 23 points for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were selected for sampling. The sampling and analysis were performed according to NIOSH methods 1501 and 2016. Results: The averages (± SD) of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde concentrations in Tehran were 15.04 (± 9.18), 23.42 (± 8.73), 4.97 (± 2.55), 11.81 (± 4.46), 107.11 (± 30.58) and 57.10 (± 18.28) ppbv, respectively. Benzene concentrations were 3.30 to 26.00 times higher than air quality standard of European Union (5 μg / m3). High concentrations of BTEX and formaldehyde / acetaldehyde were found in central and eastern areas, respectively. High correlation coefficients were found between BTEX species (r = 0.77-0.95) and also formaldehyde and acetaldehyde (r = 0.98). The highest coefficient of variation (CoV) as a measure of spatial variability was observed for benzene (54.5 %). Conclusion: The high outdoor concentrations observed in this study needs to be decreased immediately, especially in case of benzene.https://japh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/japh/article/view/152Air pollutiontoxic air pollutantstoxic compoundscarcinogenvehicle |
| spellingShingle | Mostafa Hadei Abbas Shahsavani Majid Kermani Baharan Emam Maryam Yarahmadi Reza Bakhtiari TRAFFIC - RELATED CONCENTRATIONS OF BTEX, FORMALDEHYDE AND ACETALDEHYDE IN TEHRAN; CONCENTRATIONS AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY Journal of Air Pollution and Health Air pollution toxic air pollutants toxic compounds carcinogen vehicle |
| title | TRAFFIC - RELATED CONCENTRATIONS OF BTEX, FORMALDEHYDE AND ACETALDEHYDE IN TEHRAN; CONCENTRATIONS AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY |
| title_full | TRAFFIC - RELATED CONCENTRATIONS OF BTEX, FORMALDEHYDE AND ACETALDEHYDE IN TEHRAN; CONCENTRATIONS AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY |
| title_fullStr | TRAFFIC - RELATED CONCENTRATIONS OF BTEX, FORMALDEHYDE AND ACETALDEHYDE IN TEHRAN; CONCENTRATIONS AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY |
| title_full_unstemmed | TRAFFIC - RELATED CONCENTRATIONS OF BTEX, FORMALDEHYDE AND ACETALDEHYDE IN TEHRAN; CONCENTRATIONS AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY |
| title_short | TRAFFIC - RELATED CONCENTRATIONS OF BTEX, FORMALDEHYDE AND ACETALDEHYDE IN TEHRAN; CONCENTRATIONS AND SPATIAL VARIABILITY |
| title_sort | traffic related concentrations of btex formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in tehran concentrations and spatial variability |
| topic | Air pollution toxic air pollutants toxic compounds carcinogen vehicle |
| url | https://japh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/japh/article/view/152 |
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