Bu Shen Huo Xue decoction promotes functional recovery in spinal cord injury mice by improving the microenvironment to promote axonal regeneration
Abstract Background Bu-Shen-Huo-Xue (BSHX) decoction has been used in the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury in China. In the present study, we aim to reveal the bioactive compounds in BSHX decoction and comprehensively explore the effects of BSHX decoction and the unde...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Chinese Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13020-022-00639-y |
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| author | Yonghui Hou Dan Luo Yu Hou Jiyao Luan Jiheng Zhan Zepeng Chen Shunmei E Liangliang Xu Dingkun Lin |
| author_facet | Yonghui Hou Dan Luo Yu Hou Jiyao Luan Jiheng Zhan Zepeng Chen Shunmei E Liangliang Xu Dingkun Lin |
| author_sort | Yonghui Hou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Bu-Shen-Huo-Xue (BSHX) decoction has been used in the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury in China. In the present study, we aim to reveal the bioactive compounds in BSHX decoction and comprehensively explore the effects of BSHX decoction and the underlying mechanism in spinal cord injury recovery. Methods The main chemical constituents in BSHX decoction were determined by UPLC–MS/MS. SCI mice were induced by a pneumatic impact device at T9–T10 level of the vertebra, and treated with BSHX decoction. Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) score, footprint analysis, hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining, Nissl staining and a series of immunofluorescence staining were performed to investigate the functional recovery, glial scar formation and axon regeneration after BSHX treatment. Immunofluorescent staining of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), neuronal nuclei (NeuN) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was performed to evaluate the effect of BSHX decoction on neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation and differentiation. Results We found that the main compounds in BSHX decoction were Gallic acid, 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, (+)-Catechin, Paeoniflorin, Rosmarinic acid, and Diosmetin. BSHX decoction improved the pathological findings in SCI mice through invigorating blood circulation and cleaning blood stasis in the lesion site. In addition, it reduced tissue damage and neuron loss by inhibiting astrocytes activation, and promoting the polarization of microglia towards M2 phenotype. The functional recovery test revealed that BSHX treatment improved the motor function recovery post SCI. Conclusions Our study provided evidence that BSHX treatment could improve the microenvironment of the injured spinal cord to promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery in SCI mice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T23:22:35Z |
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| id | doaj.art-f0f6f195fb824b099581cc9948fb7dd9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1749-8546 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T23:22:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chinese Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-f0f6f195fb824b099581cc9948fb7dd92022-12-22T01:29:41ZengBMCChinese Medicine1749-85462022-07-0117111610.1186/s13020-022-00639-yBu Shen Huo Xue decoction promotes functional recovery in spinal cord injury mice by improving the microenvironment to promote axonal regenerationYonghui Hou0Dan Luo1Yu Hou2Jiyao Luan3Jiheng Zhan4Zepeng Chen5Shunmei E6Liangliang Xu7Dingkun Lin8Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineAbstract Background Bu-Shen-Huo-Xue (BSHX) decoction has been used in the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury in China. In the present study, we aim to reveal the bioactive compounds in BSHX decoction and comprehensively explore the effects of BSHX decoction and the underlying mechanism in spinal cord injury recovery. Methods The main chemical constituents in BSHX decoction were determined by UPLC–MS/MS. SCI mice were induced by a pneumatic impact device at T9–T10 level of the vertebra, and treated with BSHX decoction. Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) score, footprint analysis, hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining, Nissl staining and a series of immunofluorescence staining were performed to investigate the functional recovery, glial scar formation and axon regeneration after BSHX treatment. Immunofluorescent staining of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), neuronal nuclei (NeuN) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was performed to evaluate the effect of BSHX decoction on neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation and differentiation. Results We found that the main compounds in BSHX decoction were Gallic acid, 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, (+)-Catechin, Paeoniflorin, Rosmarinic acid, and Diosmetin. BSHX decoction improved the pathological findings in SCI mice through invigorating blood circulation and cleaning blood stasis in the lesion site. In addition, it reduced tissue damage and neuron loss by inhibiting astrocytes activation, and promoting the polarization of microglia towards M2 phenotype. The functional recovery test revealed that BSHX treatment improved the motor function recovery post SCI. Conclusions Our study provided evidence that BSHX treatment could improve the microenvironment of the injured spinal cord to promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery in SCI mice.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13020-022-00639-ySpinal cord injuryBu-Shen-Huo-Xue decoctionMicroenvironmentAxonal regenerationInflammatory response |
| spellingShingle | Yonghui Hou Dan Luo Yu Hou Jiyao Luan Jiheng Zhan Zepeng Chen Shunmei E Liangliang Xu Dingkun Lin Bu Shen Huo Xue decoction promotes functional recovery in spinal cord injury mice by improving the microenvironment to promote axonal regeneration Chinese Medicine Spinal cord injury Bu-Shen-Huo-Xue decoction Microenvironment Axonal regeneration Inflammatory response |
| title | Bu Shen Huo Xue decoction promotes functional recovery in spinal cord injury mice by improving the microenvironment to promote axonal regeneration |
| title_full | Bu Shen Huo Xue decoction promotes functional recovery in spinal cord injury mice by improving the microenvironment to promote axonal regeneration |
| title_fullStr | Bu Shen Huo Xue decoction promotes functional recovery in spinal cord injury mice by improving the microenvironment to promote axonal regeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bu Shen Huo Xue decoction promotes functional recovery in spinal cord injury mice by improving the microenvironment to promote axonal regeneration |
| title_short | Bu Shen Huo Xue decoction promotes functional recovery in spinal cord injury mice by improving the microenvironment to promote axonal regeneration |
| title_sort | bu shen huo xue decoction promotes functional recovery in spinal cord injury mice by improving the microenvironment to promote axonal regeneration |
| topic | Spinal cord injury Bu-Shen-Huo-Xue decoction Microenvironment Axonal regeneration Inflammatory response |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13020-022-00639-y |
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