| Summary: | High-voltage direct current (HVDC) grids are emerging, and their reliability has been an increasing concern for the utilities. HVDC grids are different from typical two-terminal HVDC transmission systems due to the loops in their topology, which makes it difficult to evaluate the reliability by conventional analytical methods. This paper proposes an innovative hybrid method to evaluate the reliability of meshed HVDC grids. First, steady-state models and reliability models are established for the components in HVDC grids, especially for converters and power flow controllers. In the models, virtual buses are introduced to represent the external AC connections to the HVDC grid. Then a hybrid reliability evaluation method is proposed based on an analytical approach and Monte Carlo simulation. One innovation of the paper is the application of an analytical analysis method to accelerate state evaluation in Monte Carlo simulation by skipping unnecessary optimization. The proposed models and methods are verified on two HVDC grids. Test results show that HVDC grids under most failure states (approximately 70%) tend to shed no load except on buses connected to faulted converters, and the application of the analytical method could promote evaluation efficiency significantly.
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