Preliminary investigation of Ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles for the treatment of bone diseases using coconut oil and shea butter
Conventional drug delivery systems have several limitations, including poor bioavailability and an inability to effectively transport antibiotics to the needed site of infection in the bone. A formulation of ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles derived from coconut oil and shea butter was developed t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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German Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials
2023-04-01
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| Series: | German Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.gjpb.de/index.php/gjpb/article/view/64 |
| _version_ | 1797257917520412672 |
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| author | Olufunke Dorothy Akin-Ajani Tomisin Awe Kehinde Ademola Adediran |
| author_facet | Olufunke Dorothy Akin-Ajani Tomisin Awe Kehinde Ademola Adediran |
| author_sort | Olufunke Dorothy Akin-Ajani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Conventional drug delivery systems have several limitations, including poor bioavailability and an inability to effectively transport antibiotics to the needed site of infection in the bone. A formulation of ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles derived from coconut oil and shea butter was developed to enable a selective and targeted distribution of the broad-spectrum antibiotic. Solid microparticles (SM), a mixture of solid and liquid lipid (coconut oil), solid-liquid microparticles (SLM), or coconut oil alone; liquid microparticles (LM), loaded with ciprofloxacin using the hot homogenization technique, were formulated. Evaluation of the microparticulate formulations included testing for particle size, the efficacy of entrapment, antibacterial activity, and in vitro drug release. The size of the microparticles that were loaded with ciprofloxacin ranked SM (5.25 ± 2.50 - 5.56 ± 2.01 μm) < SLM (7.94 ± 3.89 - 7.98 ± 2.00 μm) < LM (15.5 ± 1.50 - 20.29 ± 10.75 μm). The microparticulate formulations had an entrapment efficiency of 43.26% and 63.34% for the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. When tested against Staphylococcus aureus, all formulations exhibited good antibacterial activity; however, the microparticles generated from coconut oil and shea butter exhibited more significant antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition 24.0 ± 0.8 - 39.5 ± 9.2 mm), in comparison to the other formulations. LM had the fastest ciprofloxacin release (t50 = 5.5 min), but the microparticles formed from shea butter had a higher cumulative release (t50 = 12.7 min) compared to that from the mixture (p>0.05). These findings were obtained from in vitro drug release studies. The Korsmeyer-Peppas model could account for every formulation using the Fickian Case I transport mechanism. Because of their increased antibacterial activity, size, ability to entrap drugs, and in vitro drug release, the ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles made from cold-pressed coconut oil combined with shea butter have the potential to provide a more effective treatment for bone diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T22:45:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f12c38a5bcfa45ed95cad9a6d501620a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2750-624X 2750-6258 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T22:45:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | German Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials |
| record_format | Article |
| series | German Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-f12c38a5bcfa45ed95cad9a6d501620a2024-03-18T13:17:42ZengGerman Journal of Pharmaceuticals and BiomaterialsGerman Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials2750-624X2750-62582023-04-0121182510.5530/gjpb.2023.1.264Preliminary investigation of Ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles for the treatment of bone diseases using coconut oil and shea butterOlufunke Dorothy Akin-Ajani0Tomisin Awe1Kehinde Ademola Adediran2Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.Conventional drug delivery systems have several limitations, including poor bioavailability and an inability to effectively transport antibiotics to the needed site of infection in the bone. A formulation of ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles derived from coconut oil and shea butter was developed to enable a selective and targeted distribution of the broad-spectrum antibiotic. Solid microparticles (SM), a mixture of solid and liquid lipid (coconut oil), solid-liquid microparticles (SLM), or coconut oil alone; liquid microparticles (LM), loaded with ciprofloxacin using the hot homogenization technique, were formulated. Evaluation of the microparticulate formulations included testing for particle size, the efficacy of entrapment, antibacterial activity, and in vitro drug release. The size of the microparticles that were loaded with ciprofloxacin ranked SM (5.25 ± 2.50 - 5.56 ± 2.01 μm) < SLM (7.94 ± 3.89 - 7.98 ± 2.00 μm) < LM (15.5 ± 1.50 - 20.29 ± 10.75 μm). The microparticulate formulations had an entrapment efficiency of 43.26% and 63.34% for the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. When tested against Staphylococcus aureus, all formulations exhibited good antibacterial activity; however, the microparticles generated from coconut oil and shea butter exhibited more significant antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition 24.0 ± 0.8 - 39.5 ± 9.2 mm), in comparison to the other formulations. LM had the fastest ciprofloxacin release (t50 = 5.5 min), but the microparticles formed from shea butter had a higher cumulative release (t50 = 12.7 min) compared to that from the mixture (p>0.05). These findings were obtained from in vitro drug release studies. The Korsmeyer-Peppas model could account for every formulation using the Fickian Case I transport mechanism. Because of their increased antibacterial activity, size, ability to entrap drugs, and in vitro drug release, the ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles made from cold-pressed coconut oil combined with shea butter have the potential to provide a more effective treatment for bone diseases.https://www.gjpb.de/index.php/gjpb/article/view/64bone diseaseciprofloxacincoconut oilmicroparticlesshea butter |
| spellingShingle | Olufunke Dorothy Akin-Ajani Tomisin Awe Kehinde Ademola Adediran Preliminary investigation of Ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles for the treatment of bone diseases using coconut oil and shea butter German Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials bone disease ciprofloxacin coconut oil microparticles shea butter |
| title | Preliminary investigation of Ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles for the treatment of bone diseases using coconut oil and shea butter |
| title_full | Preliminary investigation of Ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles for the treatment of bone diseases using coconut oil and shea butter |
| title_fullStr | Preliminary investigation of Ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles for the treatment of bone diseases using coconut oil and shea butter |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preliminary investigation of Ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles for the treatment of bone diseases using coconut oil and shea butter |
| title_short | Preliminary investigation of Ciprofloxacin-loaded microparticles for the treatment of bone diseases using coconut oil and shea butter |
| title_sort | preliminary investigation of ciprofloxacin loaded microparticles for the treatment of bone diseases using coconut oil and shea butter |
| topic | bone disease ciprofloxacin coconut oil microparticles shea butter |
| url | https://www.gjpb.de/index.php/gjpb/article/view/64 |
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