New solutions to old problems: widespread taxa, redundant distributions and missing areas in event-based biogeography
Area cladograms are widely used in historical biogeography to summarize area relationships. Constructing such cladograms is complicated by the existence of widespread taxa (terminal taxa distributed in more than one area), redundant distributions (areas harboring more than one taxon) and missing are...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona
2002-12-01
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| Series: | Animal Biodiversity and Conservation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://abc.museucienciesjournals.cat/files/ABC-25-2-pp-75-93.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818385717020065792 |
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| author | Sanmartín, I. Ronquist, F. |
| author_facet | Sanmartín, I. Ronquist, F. |
| author_sort | Sanmartín, I. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Area cladograms are widely used in historical biogeography to summarize area relationships. Constructing such cladograms is complicated by the existence of widespread taxa (terminal taxa distributed in more than one area), redundant distributions (areas harboring more than one taxon) and missing areas (areas of interest absent from some of the compared cladograms). These problems have traditionally been dealt with using Assumptions 0, 1, and 2, but the assumptions are inapplicable to event-based methods of biogeographic analysis because they do not specify the costs of alternative solutions and may result in non-overlapping solution sets. The present paper presents the argument that only widespread terminals pose a problem to event-based methods, and three possible solutions are described. Under the recent option, the widespread distribution is assumed to be the result of recent dispersal. The ancient option assumes that the widespread distribution is the result of a failure to vicariate, and explains any mismatch between the distribution and the area cladogram by extinction. The free option treats the widespread taxon as an unresolved higher taxon consisting of one lineage occurring in each area, and permits any combination of events and any resolution of the terminal polytomy in explaining the widespread distribution. Algorithms implementing these options are described and applied to Rosen (1978)’s classical data set on Heterandria and Xiphophorus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:42:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f12f1457951949ae8c62ae7997102f11 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1578-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:42:35Z |
| publishDate | 2002-12-01 |
| publisher | Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animal Biodiversity and Conservation |
| spelling | doaj.art-f12f1457951949ae8c62ae7997102f112022-12-21T23:18:27ZengMuseu de Ciències Naturals de BarcelonaAnimal Biodiversity and Conservation1578-665X2002-12-012527593New solutions to old problems: widespread taxa, redundant distributions and missing areas in event-based biogeographySanmartín, I.Ronquist, F. Area cladograms are widely used in historical biogeography to summarize area relationships. Constructing such cladograms is complicated by the existence of widespread taxa (terminal taxa distributed in more than one area), redundant distributions (areas harboring more than one taxon) and missing areas (areas of interest absent from some of the compared cladograms). These problems have traditionally been dealt with using Assumptions 0, 1, and 2, but the assumptions are inapplicable to event-based methods of biogeographic analysis because they do not specify the costs of alternative solutions and may result in non-overlapping solution sets. The present paper presents the argument that only widespread terminals pose a problem to event-based methods, and three possible solutions are described. Under the recent option, the widespread distribution is assumed to be the result of recent dispersal. The ancient option assumes that the widespread distribution is the result of a failure to vicariate, and explains any mismatch between the distribution and the area cladogram by extinction. The free option treats the widespread taxon as an unresolved higher taxon consisting of one lineage occurring in each area, and permits any combination of events and any resolution of the terminal polytomy in explaining the widespread distribution. Algorithms implementing these options are described and applied to Rosen (1978)’s classical data set on Heterandria and Xiphophorus.http://abc.museucienciesjournals.cat/files/ABC-25-2-pp-75-93.pdfHistorical biogeographyWidespread taxaMissing areasRedundant distributions1and 2Assumption 1Assumption 0Assumption 2 |
| spellingShingle | Sanmartín, I. Ronquist, F. New solutions to old problems: widespread taxa, redundant distributions and missing areas in event-based biogeography Animal Biodiversity and Conservation Historical biogeography Widespread taxa Missing areas Redundant distributions 1 and 2 Assumption 1 Assumption 0 Assumption 2 |
| title | New solutions to old problems: widespread taxa, redundant distributions and missing areas in event-based biogeography |
| title_full | New solutions to old problems: widespread taxa, redundant distributions and missing areas in event-based biogeography |
| title_fullStr | New solutions to old problems: widespread taxa, redundant distributions and missing areas in event-based biogeography |
| title_full_unstemmed | New solutions to old problems: widespread taxa, redundant distributions and missing areas in event-based biogeography |
| title_short | New solutions to old problems: widespread taxa, redundant distributions and missing areas in event-based biogeography |
| title_sort | new solutions to old problems widespread taxa redundant distributions and missing areas in event based biogeography |
| topic | Historical biogeography Widespread taxa Missing areas Redundant distributions 1 and 2 Assumption 1 Assumption 0 Assumption 2 |
| url | http://abc.museucienciesjournals.cat/files/ABC-25-2-pp-75-93.pdf |
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