Atlantic Cod Growth History in Flemish Cap Between 1981 and 2016: The Impact of Fishing and Climate on Growth Performance
Flemish Cap cod collapsed in the early 90’s after facing multiple threats due to climate variability and anthropogenic pressures. A master 35-year cod growth chronology was reconstructed in the present study by using sclerochronology techniques. Three additional chronologies were developed to accoun...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.876488/full |
| _version_ | 1818252877238370304 |
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| author | Raquel Ruiz-Díaz Raquel Ruiz-Díaz Rosario Dominguez-Petit Fran Saborido-Rey |
| author_facet | Raquel Ruiz-Díaz Raquel Ruiz-Díaz Rosario Dominguez-Petit Fran Saborido-Rey |
| author_sort | Raquel Ruiz-Díaz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Flemish Cap cod collapsed in the early 90’s after facing multiple threats due to climate variability and anthropogenic pressures. A master 35-year cod growth chronology was reconstructed in the present study by using sclerochronology techniques. Three additional chronologies were developed to account for the age-dependent effect of maturity and fishing intensity on growth. All chronologies showed that cod growth has decreased over the years and it is currently at the minimum level in the historic of data series. Hierarchical mixed-effects models were applied to the master chronology to identify extrinsic drivers of growth. The master chronology was divided into 3 periods: Premoratorium (1988-1998), Moratorium (1999-2009), and Postmoratorium (2010-2019). Our results showed that drivers of cod growth in the Flemish Cap varied between periods (Premoratorium: bottom temperature and fishing mortality, Moratorium: cod and pandalus abundance, and Postmoratorium: cod abundance and thickness of the cold intermediate layer). Our results suggest that density-dependence processes, food availability, and global warming may be behind the lack of recovery of the Flemish Cap cod stock. The Flemish Cap cod growth chronology shows variations on growth over time and identifies its drivers, having the potential to be included in the NAFO stock assessments or to be used to set dynamic reference points that guarantees the stock sustainability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:31:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f138b7bf1e24422783e98ae91cf25339 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:31:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f138b7bf1e24422783e98ae91cf253392022-12-22T00:18:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452022-05-01910.3389/fmars.2022.876488876488Atlantic Cod Growth History in Flemish Cap Between 1981 and 2016: The Impact of Fishing and Climate on Growth PerformanceRaquel Ruiz-Díaz0Raquel Ruiz-Díaz1Rosario Dominguez-Petit2Fran Saborido-Rey3Centre for Fisheries Ecosystems Research, Fisheries and Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, CanadaInstituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, SpainCentro Oceanografico de Vigo (COV-IEO), CSIC, Vigo, SpainInstituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, SpainFlemish Cap cod collapsed in the early 90’s after facing multiple threats due to climate variability and anthropogenic pressures. A master 35-year cod growth chronology was reconstructed in the present study by using sclerochronology techniques. Three additional chronologies were developed to account for the age-dependent effect of maturity and fishing intensity on growth. All chronologies showed that cod growth has decreased over the years and it is currently at the minimum level in the historic of data series. Hierarchical mixed-effects models were applied to the master chronology to identify extrinsic drivers of growth. The master chronology was divided into 3 periods: Premoratorium (1988-1998), Moratorium (1999-2009), and Postmoratorium (2010-2019). Our results showed that drivers of cod growth in the Flemish Cap varied between periods (Premoratorium: bottom temperature and fishing mortality, Moratorium: cod and pandalus abundance, and Postmoratorium: cod abundance and thickness of the cold intermediate layer). Our results suggest that density-dependence processes, food availability, and global warming may be behind the lack of recovery of the Flemish Cap cod stock. The Flemish Cap cod growth chronology shows variations on growth over time and identifies its drivers, having the potential to be included in the NAFO stock assessments or to be used to set dynamic reference points that guarantees the stock sustainability.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.876488/fullGadus morhualife-historysclerochronologyclimate changefishing-induced evolutionmixed-effects modeling |
| spellingShingle | Raquel Ruiz-Díaz Raquel Ruiz-Díaz Rosario Dominguez-Petit Fran Saborido-Rey Atlantic Cod Growth History in Flemish Cap Between 1981 and 2016: The Impact of Fishing and Climate on Growth Performance Frontiers in Marine Science Gadus morhua life-history sclerochronology climate change fishing-induced evolution mixed-effects modeling |
| title | Atlantic Cod Growth History in Flemish Cap Between 1981 and 2016: The Impact of Fishing and Climate on Growth Performance |
| title_full | Atlantic Cod Growth History in Flemish Cap Between 1981 and 2016: The Impact of Fishing and Climate on Growth Performance |
| title_fullStr | Atlantic Cod Growth History in Flemish Cap Between 1981 and 2016: The Impact of Fishing and Climate on Growth Performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Atlantic Cod Growth History in Flemish Cap Between 1981 and 2016: The Impact of Fishing and Climate on Growth Performance |
| title_short | Atlantic Cod Growth History in Flemish Cap Between 1981 and 2016: The Impact of Fishing and Climate on Growth Performance |
| title_sort | atlantic cod growth history in flemish cap between 1981 and 2016 the impact of fishing and climate on growth performance |
| topic | Gadus morhua life-history sclerochronology climate change fishing-induced evolution mixed-effects modeling |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.876488/full |
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