Optimization of monazite content in mortar cement and assessment of radiological risk in building materials
Monazite contains natural radionuclides belonging to the natural radioactive series of uranium and thorium. The aim of the present investigation is to determine whether variations in monazite content can cause variations in naturally occurring radioactive material in ordinary Portland cement. Includ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016423002190 |
| _version_ | 1797448023318462464 |
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| author | Wilasinee Kingkam Nopparit Changkit Rittiron Samran Sasikarn Nuchdang Dussadee Rattanapha |
| author_facet | Wilasinee Kingkam Nopparit Changkit Rittiron Samran Sasikarn Nuchdang Dussadee Rattanapha |
| author_sort | Wilasinee Kingkam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Monazite contains natural radionuclides belonging to the natural radioactive series of uranium and thorium. The aim of the present investigation is to determine whether variations in monazite content can cause variations in naturally occurring radioactive material in ordinary Portland cement. Include a study on the feasibility of monazite as a building material. For this research, six cement–monazite mixtures were experimentally tested for radiological content with an HPGe gamma spectrometer. Radium equivalent, hazard indices, gamma index, and annual effective dose were all calculated from the measured gamma-ray spectra. With the samples' radium equivalents ranged from 33.51 Bq kg−1 to 796.81 Bq kg−1. The external and internal hazard indices varied from 0.57 to 0.91 Bq kg−1 and 0.64–1.13 Bq kg−1, respectively. The gamma index exceeded unity for samples with monazite concentration less than or equal to 0.016 % by mass when mixed and sand in mortar cement. The external and internal hazard indices varied from 0.57 to 0.91 Bq kg−1 and 0.64–1.13 Bq kg−1, respectively. The gamma index exceeded unity for samples with monazite concentration less than or equal to 0.016 % by mass when mixed and sand in mortar cement. The average annual effective dose rate from different cement–monazite mixtures varied from 19.35 to 441.41 mSv y−1 for cement and C-1-C-6 samples. The study demonstrated that as the concentration of monazite increased in the cement, the concentration of uranium, thorium series and 40K also increased for all practical purposes. As a result, monazite may only be utilized as a performance enhancer and not as a complete replacement or mixed for sand. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:04:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f14561c4989344a48a5f1147af775fcb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-0164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:04:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-f14561c4989344a48a5f1147af775fcb2023-11-30T05:11:18ZengElsevierCase Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering2666-01642023-12-018100514Optimization of monazite content in mortar cement and assessment of radiological risk in building materialsWilasinee Kingkam0Nopparit Changkit1Rittiron Samran2Sasikarn Nuchdang3Dussadee Rattanapha4Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakhon Nayok, 26120, Thailand; Corresponding author.Nuclear Safety Section, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakhon Nayok, 26120, ThailandNuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakhon Nayok, 26120, ThailandNuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakhon Nayok, 26120, ThailandNuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakhon Nayok, 26120, ThailandMonazite contains natural radionuclides belonging to the natural radioactive series of uranium and thorium. The aim of the present investigation is to determine whether variations in monazite content can cause variations in naturally occurring radioactive material in ordinary Portland cement. Include a study on the feasibility of monazite as a building material. For this research, six cement–monazite mixtures were experimentally tested for radiological content with an HPGe gamma spectrometer. Radium equivalent, hazard indices, gamma index, and annual effective dose were all calculated from the measured gamma-ray spectra. With the samples' radium equivalents ranged from 33.51 Bq kg−1 to 796.81 Bq kg−1. The external and internal hazard indices varied from 0.57 to 0.91 Bq kg−1 and 0.64–1.13 Bq kg−1, respectively. The gamma index exceeded unity for samples with monazite concentration less than or equal to 0.016 % by mass when mixed and sand in mortar cement. The external and internal hazard indices varied from 0.57 to 0.91 Bq kg−1 and 0.64–1.13 Bq kg−1, respectively. The gamma index exceeded unity for samples with monazite concentration less than or equal to 0.016 % by mass when mixed and sand in mortar cement. The average annual effective dose rate from different cement–monazite mixtures varied from 19.35 to 441.41 mSv y−1 for cement and C-1-C-6 samples. The study demonstrated that as the concentration of monazite increased in the cement, the concentration of uranium, thorium series and 40K also increased for all practical purposes. As a result, monazite may only be utilized as a performance enhancer and not as a complete replacement or mixed for sand.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016423002190MonaziteNatural radionuclidesBuilding materialsRadiation hazardsPortland cement |
| spellingShingle | Wilasinee Kingkam Nopparit Changkit Rittiron Samran Sasikarn Nuchdang Dussadee Rattanapha Optimization of monazite content in mortar cement and assessment of radiological risk in building materials Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering Monazite Natural radionuclides Building materials Radiation hazards Portland cement |
| title | Optimization of monazite content in mortar cement and assessment of radiological risk in building materials |
| title_full | Optimization of monazite content in mortar cement and assessment of radiological risk in building materials |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of monazite content in mortar cement and assessment of radiological risk in building materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of monazite content in mortar cement and assessment of radiological risk in building materials |
| title_short | Optimization of monazite content in mortar cement and assessment of radiological risk in building materials |
| title_sort | optimization of monazite content in mortar cement and assessment of radiological risk in building materials |
| topic | Monazite Natural radionuclides Building materials Radiation hazards Portland cement |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016423002190 |
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