Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Fluid Inclusion Study of the Stibnite Vein-Type Mineralization at Rizana, Northern Greece
The stibnite mineralization at Rizana (Kilkis ore district; Serbo-Macedonian metallogenic province; northern Greece) occurs along a NE–SW-trending brittle shear-zone, which transects a two-mica and an augen-gneiss of the Vertiskos Unit. Barren Triassic A-type granites and satellite pegmatites and ap...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| author | Christos L. Stergiou Grigorios-Aarne Sakellaris Vasilios Melfos Panagiotis Voudouris Lambrini Papadopoulou Nikolaos Kantiranis Evaggelos Skoupras |
| author_facet | Christos L. Stergiou Grigorios-Aarne Sakellaris Vasilios Melfos Panagiotis Voudouris Lambrini Papadopoulou Nikolaos Kantiranis Evaggelos Skoupras |
| author_sort | Christos L. Stergiou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The stibnite mineralization at Rizana (Kilkis ore district; Serbo-Macedonian metallogenic province; northern Greece) occurs along a NE–SW-trending brittle shear-zone, which transects a two-mica and an augen-gneiss of the Vertiskos Unit. Barren Triassic A-type granites and satellite pegmatites and aplites, as well as Oligocene-Miocene plutonic, subvolcanic and volcanic rocks that are variably hydrothermally altered and mineralized, outcrop in the broader region. The mineralization appears as veins, discordant lodes and disseminations. Veins and discordant lodes exhibit massive and brecciated textures. Historic underground mining (1930s–1950s) produced 9000 t of stibnite ore, grading 40% Sb on average. The main ore mineral assemblage includes stibnite + berthierite + sphalerite + pyrite + chalcopyrite + native antimony and traces of wolframite, galena, tetrahedrite, marcasite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, realgar, native arsenic and native gold. Quartz, minor barite and ankerite are the gangue minerals. Sericitization and silicification developed along the shear-zone, forming hydrothermal halos of moderate intensity in the two-mica gneiss. Locally, valentinite, goethite and claudetite are present due to the supergene oxidation of the stibnite mineralization. Bulk ore geochemistry shows enrichments in specific elements including As, Au, Cd, Se, Tl and W. Fluid inclusion microthermometry showed that the mineralization was formed under a limited range of temperatures and salinities. The fluids had low to slightly moderate salinities (6.6–8.1 wt% equiv. NaCl) with low homogenization temperatures (217–254 °C, with a maximum at 220 °C). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:47:26Z |
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| issn | 2076-3263 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:47:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f150b095a8fe48a18e260c1af53ef1232023-11-16T20:45:01ZengMDPI AGGeosciences2076-32632023-02-011326110.3390/geosciences13020061Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Fluid Inclusion Study of the Stibnite Vein-Type Mineralization at Rizana, Northern GreeceChristos L. Stergiou0Grigorios-Aarne Sakellaris1Vasilios Melfos2Panagiotis Voudouris3Lambrini Papadopoulou4Nikolaos Kantiranis5Evaggelos Skoupras6Faculty of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceFaculty of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceFaculty of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceFaculty of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, GreeceFaculty of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceFaculty of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceFaculty of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceThe stibnite mineralization at Rizana (Kilkis ore district; Serbo-Macedonian metallogenic province; northern Greece) occurs along a NE–SW-trending brittle shear-zone, which transects a two-mica and an augen-gneiss of the Vertiskos Unit. Barren Triassic A-type granites and satellite pegmatites and aplites, as well as Oligocene-Miocene plutonic, subvolcanic and volcanic rocks that are variably hydrothermally altered and mineralized, outcrop in the broader region. The mineralization appears as veins, discordant lodes and disseminations. Veins and discordant lodes exhibit massive and brecciated textures. Historic underground mining (1930s–1950s) produced 9000 t of stibnite ore, grading 40% Sb on average. The main ore mineral assemblage includes stibnite + berthierite + sphalerite + pyrite + chalcopyrite + native antimony and traces of wolframite, galena, tetrahedrite, marcasite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, realgar, native arsenic and native gold. Quartz, minor barite and ankerite are the gangue minerals. Sericitization and silicification developed along the shear-zone, forming hydrothermal halos of moderate intensity in the two-mica gneiss. Locally, valentinite, goethite and claudetite are present due to the supergene oxidation of the stibnite mineralization. Bulk ore geochemistry shows enrichments in specific elements including As, Au, Cd, Se, Tl and W. Fluid inclusion microthermometry showed that the mineralization was formed under a limited range of temperatures and salinities. The fluids had low to slightly moderate salinities (6.6–8.1 wt% equiv. NaCl) with low homogenization temperatures (217–254 °C, with a maximum at 220 °C).https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/13/2/61antimonystibnitevein mineralizationRizanaVertiskos UnitSerbo-Macedonian Massif |
| spellingShingle | Christos L. Stergiou Grigorios-Aarne Sakellaris Vasilios Melfos Panagiotis Voudouris Lambrini Papadopoulou Nikolaos Kantiranis Evaggelos Skoupras Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Fluid Inclusion Study of the Stibnite Vein-Type Mineralization at Rizana, Northern Greece Geosciences antimony stibnite vein mineralization Rizana Vertiskos Unit Serbo-Macedonian Massif |
| title | Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Fluid Inclusion Study of the Stibnite Vein-Type Mineralization at Rizana, Northern Greece |
| title_full | Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Fluid Inclusion Study of the Stibnite Vein-Type Mineralization at Rizana, Northern Greece |
| title_fullStr | Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Fluid Inclusion Study of the Stibnite Vein-Type Mineralization at Rizana, Northern Greece |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Fluid Inclusion Study of the Stibnite Vein-Type Mineralization at Rizana, Northern Greece |
| title_short | Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Fluid Inclusion Study of the Stibnite Vein-Type Mineralization at Rizana, Northern Greece |
| title_sort | mineralogy geochemistry and fluid inclusion study of the stibnite vein type mineralization at rizana northern greece |
| topic | antimony stibnite vein mineralization Rizana Vertiskos Unit Serbo-Macedonian Massif |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/13/2/61 |
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