Epidemiological, Microbiological, and Clinical Characteristics of Multi-Resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Isolates in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Increasing rates of serious multi-drug resistant (MDR) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections have been reported globally, including in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective study investigates the epidemiological, microbiological, and clinical characteristics of multi-resistant <i>P....
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/8/4/205 |
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| author | Taghreed A. Hafiz Eman A. Bin Essa Sarah R. Alharbi Ahmed S. Alyami Zeina S. Alkudmani Murad A. Mubaraki Norah A. Alturki Fawzia Alotaibi |
| author_facet | Taghreed A. Hafiz Eman A. Bin Essa Sarah R. Alharbi Ahmed S. Alyami Zeina S. Alkudmani Murad A. Mubaraki Norah A. Alturki Fawzia Alotaibi |
| author_sort | Taghreed A. Hafiz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Increasing rates of serious multi-drug resistant (MDR) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections have been reported globally, including in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective study investigates the epidemiological, microbiological, and clinical characteristics of multi-resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (n3579 clinical isolates) in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (2019–2021). Information on antimicrobial susceptibility and medical history was collected from the hospital database. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infections occurred in 55.6% of males and 44.4% of females, and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was more prevalent in children than in adults. Our analysis showed that <i>P. aeruginosa</i> had the highest sensitivity to amikacin (92.6%) and greatest resistance to aztreonam (29.8%), imipenem (29.5%), ceftazidime (26.1%), meropenem (25.6%), and cefepime (24.3%). MDR and extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains were more prevalent in male than female patients. Female patients showed higher rates of infection with pan-drug resistant (PDR) strains. Respiratory samples contained the majority of resistant isolates. Septic shock and liver disease were strongly correlated with mortality in the ICU patient group after analysing the relative risk associated with mortality. Our study emphasises the threat of multi-resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> in Saudi Arabia (and potentially the Middle East) and highlights important sources and contexts of infection that inhibit its effective control and clinical management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:28:36Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2414-6366 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:28:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-f16407e7ecd64e01b93d886b6e1cf01c2023-11-17T21:39:34ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662023-03-018420510.3390/tropicalmed8040205Epidemiological, Microbiological, and Clinical Characteristics of Multi-Resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Isolates in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaTaghreed A. Hafiz0Eman A. Bin Essa1Sarah R. Alharbi2Ahmed S. Alyami3Zeina S. Alkudmani4Murad A. Mubaraki5Norah A. Alturki6Fawzia Alotaibi7Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi ArabiaClinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi ArabiaClinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi ArabiaPathology and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi ArabiaClinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi ArabiaClinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi ArabiaClinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi ArabiaPathology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi ArabiaIncreasing rates of serious multi-drug resistant (MDR) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections have been reported globally, including in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective study investigates the epidemiological, microbiological, and clinical characteristics of multi-resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (n3579 clinical isolates) in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (2019–2021). Information on antimicrobial susceptibility and medical history was collected from the hospital database. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infections occurred in 55.6% of males and 44.4% of females, and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was more prevalent in children than in adults. Our analysis showed that <i>P. aeruginosa</i> had the highest sensitivity to amikacin (92.6%) and greatest resistance to aztreonam (29.8%), imipenem (29.5%), ceftazidime (26.1%), meropenem (25.6%), and cefepime (24.3%). MDR and extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains were more prevalent in male than female patients. Female patients showed higher rates of infection with pan-drug resistant (PDR) strains. Respiratory samples contained the majority of resistant isolates. Septic shock and liver disease were strongly correlated with mortality in the ICU patient group after analysing the relative risk associated with mortality. Our study emphasises the threat of multi-resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> in Saudi Arabia (and potentially the Middle East) and highlights important sources and contexts of infection that inhibit its effective control and clinical management.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/8/4/205<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>respiratoryintensive care unitnosocomial infectionmulti-drug resistantpan-drug resistant |
| spellingShingle | Taghreed A. Hafiz Eman A. Bin Essa Sarah R. Alharbi Ahmed S. Alyami Zeina S. Alkudmani Murad A. Mubaraki Norah A. Alturki Fawzia Alotaibi Epidemiological, Microbiological, and Clinical Characteristics of Multi-Resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Isolates in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> respiratory intensive care unit nosocomial infection multi-drug resistant pan-drug resistant |
| title | Epidemiological, Microbiological, and Clinical Characteristics of Multi-Resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Isolates in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia |
| title_full | Epidemiological, Microbiological, and Clinical Characteristics of Multi-Resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Isolates in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiological, Microbiological, and Clinical Characteristics of Multi-Resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Isolates in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiological, Microbiological, and Clinical Characteristics of Multi-Resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Isolates in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia |
| title_short | Epidemiological, Microbiological, and Clinical Characteristics of Multi-Resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Isolates in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia |
| title_sort | epidemiological microbiological and clinical characteristics of multi resistant i pseudomonas aeruginosa i isolates in king fahad medical city riyadh saudi arabia |
| topic | <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> respiratory intensive care unit nosocomial infection multi-drug resistant pan-drug resistant |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/8/4/205 |
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