Optimal Sizing of Onboard Hybrid Energy Storage Devices Considering the Long-Term Train Operation
With the fast development of energy storage technology, more applications of Energy Storage Devices (ESDs) have been found in rail transportation in recent years. This paper aims to address the optimal sizing problem of on-board Hybrid Energy Storage Devices (HESDs) which are installed to assist tra...
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| Format: | Article |
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IEEE
2022-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9787345/ |
| _version_ | 1818219196122660864 |
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| author | Bolun Zhang Chaoxian Wu Guangzhao Meng Fei Xue Shaofeng Lu |
| author_facet | Bolun Zhang Chaoxian Wu Guangzhao Meng Fei Xue Shaofeng Lu |
| author_sort | Bolun Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the fast development of energy storage technology, more applications of Energy Storage Devices (ESDs) have been found in rail transportation in recent years. This paper aims to address the optimal sizing problem of on-board Hybrid Energy Storage Devices (HESDs) which are installed to assist train traction and recover the regenerative braking energy. On-board HESDs combining Li-ion battery and supercapacitor can further enhance the capacity and instant power rating. In this paper, a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed to minimize the economic cost in terms of energy consumption and installation, and the degradation cost of on-board HESDs considering the long-term train operation constrained by the initial investment of on-board HESDs. Train operation is found to be highly related to characteristics of on-board HESDs including the maximum power, capacity, and state of health (SOH). By changing the investment ratio between Li-ion battery and supercapacitor, the energy-saving rate and economic cost for various investment ratios have been obtained. Compared with the results of train optimal control with Li-ion battery only, supercapacitor only and no on-board HESDs, the results indicate an energy-saving rate up to 25.59%, from the perspective of the long-term train operation. When the allowable capital cost is relaxed from 20 k<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\$ $ </tex-math></inline-formula>to 60 k<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\$ $ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the cost per kilometer is reduced from 0.55 USD/km to 0.53 USD/km, showing higher capital cost is closely linked to higher cost reduction in the long-term train operation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T07:35:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f1656335b47b4b98af3d6098db05f9f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T07:35:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-f1656335b47b4b98af3d6098db05f9f22022-12-22T00:32:55ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362022-01-0110583605837410.1109/ACCESS.2022.31791089787345Optimal Sizing of Onboard Hybrid Energy Storage Devices Considering the Long-Term Train OperationBolun Zhang0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4172-7321Chaoxian Wu1Guangzhao Meng2Fei Xue3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-258XShaofeng Lu4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5361-2463Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Systems Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaShien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Advanced Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, ChinaShien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, ChinaWith the fast development of energy storage technology, more applications of Energy Storage Devices (ESDs) have been found in rail transportation in recent years. This paper aims to address the optimal sizing problem of on-board Hybrid Energy Storage Devices (HESDs) which are installed to assist train traction and recover the regenerative braking energy. On-board HESDs combining Li-ion battery and supercapacitor can further enhance the capacity and instant power rating. In this paper, a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed to minimize the economic cost in terms of energy consumption and installation, and the degradation cost of on-board HESDs considering the long-term train operation constrained by the initial investment of on-board HESDs. Train operation is found to be highly related to characteristics of on-board HESDs including the maximum power, capacity, and state of health (SOH). By changing the investment ratio between Li-ion battery and supercapacitor, the energy-saving rate and economic cost for various investment ratios have been obtained. Compared with the results of train optimal control with Li-ion battery only, supercapacitor only and no on-board HESDs, the results indicate an energy-saving rate up to 25.59%, from the perspective of the long-term train operation. When the allowable capital cost is relaxed from 20 k<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\$ $ </tex-math></inline-formula>to 60 k<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\$ $ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the cost per kilometer is reduced from 0.55 USD/km to 0.53 USD/km, showing higher capital cost is closely linked to higher cost reduction in the long-term train operation.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9787345/Optimal sizingmixed integer linear programming (MILP)on-board hybrid energy storage device (HESD)the long-term train operation |
| spellingShingle | Bolun Zhang Chaoxian Wu Guangzhao Meng Fei Xue Shaofeng Lu Optimal Sizing of Onboard Hybrid Energy Storage Devices Considering the Long-Term Train Operation IEEE Access Optimal sizing mixed integer linear programming (MILP) on-board hybrid energy storage device (HESD) the long-term train operation |
| title | Optimal Sizing of Onboard Hybrid Energy Storage Devices Considering the Long-Term Train Operation |
| title_full | Optimal Sizing of Onboard Hybrid Energy Storage Devices Considering the Long-Term Train Operation |
| title_fullStr | Optimal Sizing of Onboard Hybrid Energy Storage Devices Considering the Long-Term Train Operation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimal Sizing of Onboard Hybrid Energy Storage Devices Considering the Long-Term Train Operation |
| title_short | Optimal Sizing of Onboard Hybrid Energy Storage Devices Considering the Long-Term Train Operation |
| title_sort | optimal sizing of onboard hybrid energy storage devices considering the long term train operation |
| topic | Optimal sizing mixed integer linear programming (MILP) on-board hybrid energy storage device (HESD) the long-term train operation |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9787345/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bolunzhang optimalsizingofonboardhybridenergystoragedevicesconsideringthelongtermtrainoperation AT chaoxianwu optimalsizingofonboardhybridenergystoragedevicesconsideringthelongtermtrainoperation AT guangzhaomeng optimalsizingofonboardhybridenergystoragedevicesconsideringthelongtermtrainoperation AT feixue optimalsizingofonboardhybridenergystoragedevicesconsideringthelongtermtrainoperation AT shaofenglu optimalsizingofonboardhybridenergystoragedevicesconsideringthelongtermtrainoperation |