Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents
In recent decades, molecular hybridization has proven to be an efficient tool for obtaining new synthetic molecules to treat different diseases. Based on the core idea of covalently combining at least two pharmacophore fragments present in different drugs and/or bioactive molecules, the new hybrids...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/15/4948 |
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| author | Ines Mancini Jacopo Vigna Denise Sighel Andrea Defant |
| author_facet | Ines Mancini Jacopo Vigna Denise Sighel Andrea Defant |
| author_sort | Ines Mancini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent decades, molecular hybridization has proven to be an efficient tool for obtaining new synthetic molecules to treat different diseases. Based on the core idea of covalently combining at least two pharmacophore fragments present in different drugs and/or bioactive molecules, the new hybrids have shown advantages when compared with the compounds of origin. Hybridization could be successfully applied to anticancer drug discovery, where efforts are underway to develop novel therapeutics which are safer and more effective than those currently in use. Molecules presenting naphthoquinone moieties are involved in redox processes and in other molecular mechanisms affecting cancer cells. Naphthoquinones have been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth and are considered privileged structures and useful templates in the design of hybrids. The present work aims at summarizing the current knowledge on antitumor hybrids built using 1,4- and 1,2-naphthoquinone (present in natural compounds as lawsone, napabucasin, plumbagin, lapachol, α-lapachone, and β -lapachone), and the related quinolone- and isoquinolinedione scaffolds reported in the literature up to 2021. In detail, the design and synthetic approaches adopted to produce the reported compounds are highlighted, the structural fragments considered in hybridization and their biological activities are described, and the structure–activity relationships and the computational analyses applied are underlined. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:06:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f17b71cd9c694f0e8cfdb03939b45c48 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:06:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f17b71cd9c694f0e8cfdb03939b45c482023-12-01T23:03:33ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-08-012715494810.3390/molecules27154948Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic AgentsInes Mancini0Jacopo Vigna1Denise Sighel2Andrea Defant3Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, ItalyLaboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, ItalyLaboratory of Translational Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38123 Trento, ItalyLaboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, ItalyIn recent decades, molecular hybridization has proven to be an efficient tool for obtaining new synthetic molecules to treat different diseases. Based on the core idea of covalently combining at least two pharmacophore fragments present in different drugs and/or bioactive molecules, the new hybrids have shown advantages when compared with the compounds of origin. Hybridization could be successfully applied to anticancer drug discovery, where efforts are underway to develop novel therapeutics which are safer and more effective than those currently in use. Molecules presenting naphthoquinone moieties are involved in redox processes and in other molecular mechanisms affecting cancer cells. Naphthoquinones have been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth and are considered privileged structures and useful templates in the design of hybrids. The present work aims at summarizing the current knowledge on antitumor hybrids built using 1,4- and 1,2-naphthoquinone (present in natural compounds as lawsone, napabucasin, plumbagin, lapachol, α-lapachone, and β -lapachone), and the related quinolone- and isoquinolinedione scaffolds reported in the literature up to 2021. In detail, the design and synthetic approaches adopted to produce the reported compounds are highlighted, the structural fragments considered in hybridization and their biological activities are described, and the structure–activity relationships and the computational analyses applied are underlined.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/15/4948hybrid moleculesmultitarget compoundsnaphthoquinonesquinolinequinonesisoquinolinedionesdrug design |
| spellingShingle | Ines Mancini Jacopo Vigna Denise Sighel Andrea Defant Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents Molecules hybrid molecules multitarget compounds naphthoquinones quinolinequinones isoquinolinediones drug design |
| title | Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
| title_full | Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
| title_fullStr | Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
| title_short | Hybrid Molecules Containing Naphthoquinone and Quinolinedione Scaffolds as Antineoplastic Agents |
| title_sort | hybrid molecules containing naphthoquinone and quinolinedione scaffolds as antineoplastic agents |
| topic | hybrid molecules multitarget compounds naphthoquinones quinolinequinones isoquinolinediones drug design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/15/4948 |
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