The Role of Serotonin Neurotransmission in Gastrointestinal Tract and Pharmacotherapy
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) is a neurotransmitter in both the central nervous system and peripheral structures, acting also as a hormone in platelets. Although its concentration in the gut covers >90% of all organism resources, serotonin is mainly known as a neurotransmitter that takes...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/5/1680 |
| _version_ | 1797474340462133248 |
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| author | Tomasz Guzel Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel |
| author_facet | Tomasz Guzel Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel |
| author_sort | Tomasz Guzel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) is a neurotransmitter in both the central nervous system and peripheral structures, acting also as a hormone in platelets. Although its concentration in the gut covers >90% of all organism resources, serotonin is mainly known as a neurotransmitter that takes part in the pathology of mental diseases. Serotonin modulates not only CNS neurons, but also pain transmission and platelet aggregation. In the periphery, 5-HT influences muscle motility in the gut, bronchi, uterus, and vessels directly and through neurons. Serotonin synthesis starts from hydroxylation of orally delivered tryptophan, followed by decarboxylation. Serotonin acts via numerous types of receptors and clinically plays a role in several neural, mental, and other chronic disorders, such as migraine, carcinoid syndrome, and some dysfunctions of the alimentary system. 5-HT acts as a paracrine hormone and growth factor. 5-HT receptors in both the brain and gut are targets for drugs modifying serotonin neurotransmission. The aim of the present article is to review the 5-HT receptors in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to determine the role of serotonin in GI physiology and pathology, including known GI diseases and the role of serotonin in GI pharmacotherapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:29:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f1843aca53d447b78b2d818b86317979 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:29:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-f1843aca53d447b78b2d818b863179792023-11-23T23:28:08ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-03-01275168010.3390/molecules27051680The Role of Serotonin Neurotransmission in Gastrointestinal Tract and PharmacotherapyTomasz Guzel0Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel1Department of General, Gastroenterology and Oncologic Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) is a neurotransmitter in both the central nervous system and peripheral structures, acting also as a hormone in platelets. Although its concentration in the gut covers >90% of all organism resources, serotonin is mainly known as a neurotransmitter that takes part in the pathology of mental diseases. Serotonin modulates not only CNS neurons, but also pain transmission and platelet aggregation. In the periphery, 5-HT influences muscle motility in the gut, bronchi, uterus, and vessels directly and through neurons. Serotonin synthesis starts from hydroxylation of orally delivered tryptophan, followed by decarboxylation. Serotonin acts via numerous types of receptors and clinically plays a role in several neural, mental, and other chronic disorders, such as migraine, carcinoid syndrome, and some dysfunctions of the alimentary system. 5-HT acts as a paracrine hormone and growth factor. 5-HT receptors in both the brain and gut are targets for drugs modifying serotonin neurotransmission. The aim of the present article is to review the 5-HT receptors in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to determine the role of serotonin in GI physiology and pathology, including known GI diseases and the role of serotonin in GI pharmacotherapy.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/5/1680serotonin5-HT receptorsgastrointestinal tract |
| spellingShingle | Tomasz Guzel Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel The Role of Serotonin Neurotransmission in Gastrointestinal Tract and Pharmacotherapy Molecules serotonin 5-HT receptors gastrointestinal tract |
| title | The Role of Serotonin Neurotransmission in Gastrointestinal Tract and Pharmacotherapy |
| title_full | The Role of Serotonin Neurotransmission in Gastrointestinal Tract and Pharmacotherapy |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Serotonin Neurotransmission in Gastrointestinal Tract and Pharmacotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Serotonin Neurotransmission in Gastrointestinal Tract and Pharmacotherapy |
| title_short | The Role of Serotonin Neurotransmission in Gastrointestinal Tract and Pharmacotherapy |
| title_sort | role of serotonin neurotransmission in gastrointestinal tract and pharmacotherapy |
| topic | serotonin 5-HT receptors gastrointestinal tract |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/5/1680 |
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