Batch adsorption of diesel oil in water using saba banana peel biochar immobilized in teabags
Abstract Diesel oil contamination is a threat to environment and human health. Many technologies have been developed to address this issue; however, they are costly to be deployed in real-world oil remediation. Adsorption remains to be one of the most economical methods to remove oil from water. Her...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen
2024-03-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Engineering and Applied Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-024-00398-7 |
| _version_ | 1827327355338620928 |
|---|---|
| author | Jefrick Jun Daniel T. Urgel Justin Marwin A. Briones Emmanuel B. Diaz Kirstin Margaux N. Dimaculangan Kayla L. Rangel Edgar Clyde R. Lopez |
| author_facet | Jefrick Jun Daniel T. Urgel Justin Marwin A. Briones Emmanuel B. Diaz Kirstin Margaux N. Dimaculangan Kayla L. Rangel Edgar Clyde R. Lopez |
| author_sort | Jefrick Jun Daniel T. Urgel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Diesel oil contamination is a threat to environment and human health. Many technologies have been developed to address this issue; however, they are costly to be deployed in real-world oil remediation. Adsorption remains to be one of the most economical methods to remove oil from water. Here, we used banana peel biochar (BPBC) immobilized in teabags as an adsorbent for the removal of diesel oil in water. We investigated the adsorption behavior of BPBC under different conditions, examining the influence of adsorbent loading, pH, salinity, and contact time on its efficiency for removing diesel oil in water. Our results show that the sorption capacity of BPBC is significantly affected by the amount of adsorbent used. Lower biochar loadings enhance the sorption capacity due to greater surface area accessibility, while higher loadings lead to decreased efficiency due to pore blockage and reduced surface exposure. Interestingly, the pH of the solution was found to have minimal impact on the sorption process. This is attributed to diesel oil’s hydrophobic and non-polar nature, which leads to its interaction with BPBC being predominantly governed by hydrophobic forces instead of pH-sensitive electrostatic interactions. Salinity emerged as a crucial factor in the adsorption process. An increase in salinity enhances the sorption capacity, likely due to the “salting-out” effect, where higher salt concentrations decrease the solubility of diesel oil, promoting its adsorption onto the biochar surface. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of contact time, with longer exposure resulting in increased sorption capacity. This trend is explained by the adsorption kinetics, initially characterized by rapid adsorption, followed by a slower, progressive occupation of the biochar’s adsorption sites. The kinetic analysis of the process suggests that the pseudo-second-order model is more suitable, indicating a chemisorption mechanism. The Harkins–Jura isotherm model was identified as the best fit for explaining the isotherm behavior, owing to its capacity to account for the heterogeneous nature of the biochar surface and the formation of multiple adsorbate layers. The optimum conditions for maximum diesel oil removal are as follows: BPBC loading of 0.50 g, a solution pH of 5.00, a salinity concentration of 12,656.57 mg/L, and a contact time of 240 min. Under these conditions, BPBC exhibited an adsorption capacity of 19.04 g/g. In summary, our research establishes BPBC, particularly when contained within teabags, as an efficient and practical adsorbent for diesel oil removal in water. Its effectiveness, superior to other biochar, is mainly due to its porosity and hydrophobic properties. These findings not only enhance our understanding of BPBC’s adsorption capabilities but also underscore its potential for environmental remediation. Graphical Abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:59:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f188157a7c2b48d8b7fc6db1139b2e10 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1110-1903 2536-9512 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:59:00Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Engineering and Applied Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f188157a7c2b48d8b7fc6db1139b2e102024-03-05T19:16:11ZengSpringerOpenJournal of Engineering and Applied Science1110-19032536-95122024-03-0171111910.1186/s44147-024-00398-7Batch adsorption of diesel oil in water using saba banana peel biochar immobilized in teabagsJefrick Jun Daniel T. Urgel0Justin Marwin A. Briones1Emmanuel B. Diaz2Kirstin Margaux N. Dimaculangan3Kayla L. Rangel4Edgar Clyde R. Lopez5Chemical Engineering Department, Adamson UniversityChemical Engineering Department, Adamson UniversityChemical Engineering Department, Adamson UniversityChemical Engineering Department, Adamson UniversityChemical Engineering Department, Adamson UniversityNanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines DilimanAbstract Diesel oil contamination is a threat to environment and human health. Many technologies have been developed to address this issue; however, they are costly to be deployed in real-world oil remediation. Adsorption remains to be one of the most economical methods to remove oil from water. Here, we used banana peel biochar (BPBC) immobilized in teabags as an adsorbent for the removal of diesel oil in water. We investigated the adsorption behavior of BPBC under different conditions, examining the influence of adsorbent loading, pH, salinity, and contact time on its efficiency for removing diesel oil in water. Our results show that the sorption capacity of BPBC is significantly affected by the amount of adsorbent used. Lower biochar loadings enhance the sorption capacity due to greater surface area accessibility, while higher loadings lead to decreased efficiency due to pore blockage and reduced surface exposure. Interestingly, the pH of the solution was found to have minimal impact on the sorption process. This is attributed to diesel oil’s hydrophobic and non-polar nature, which leads to its interaction with BPBC being predominantly governed by hydrophobic forces instead of pH-sensitive electrostatic interactions. Salinity emerged as a crucial factor in the adsorption process. An increase in salinity enhances the sorption capacity, likely due to the “salting-out” effect, where higher salt concentrations decrease the solubility of diesel oil, promoting its adsorption onto the biochar surface. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of contact time, with longer exposure resulting in increased sorption capacity. This trend is explained by the adsorption kinetics, initially characterized by rapid adsorption, followed by a slower, progressive occupation of the biochar’s adsorption sites. The kinetic analysis of the process suggests that the pseudo-second-order model is more suitable, indicating a chemisorption mechanism. The Harkins–Jura isotherm model was identified as the best fit for explaining the isotherm behavior, owing to its capacity to account for the heterogeneous nature of the biochar surface and the formation of multiple adsorbate layers. The optimum conditions for maximum diesel oil removal are as follows: BPBC loading of 0.50 g, a solution pH of 5.00, a salinity concentration of 12,656.57 mg/L, and a contact time of 240 min. Under these conditions, BPBC exhibited an adsorption capacity of 19.04 g/g. In summary, our research establishes BPBC, particularly when contained within teabags, as an efficient and practical adsorbent for diesel oil removal in water. Its effectiveness, superior to other biochar, is mainly due to its porosity and hydrophobic properties. These findings not only enhance our understanding of BPBC’s adsorption capabilities but also underscore its potential for environmental remediation. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-024-00398-7AdsorptionBanana peelsBiocharCentral composite designOil spill |
| spellingShingle | Jefrick Jun Daniel T. Urgel Justin Marwin A. Briones Emmanuel B. Diaz Kirstin Margaux N. Dimaculangan Kayla L. Rangel Edgar Clyde R. Lopez Batch adsorption of diesel oil in water using saba banana peel biochar immobilized in teabags Journal of Engineering and Applied Science Adsorption Banana peels Biochar Central composite design Oil spill |
| title | Batch adsorption of diesel oil in water using saba banana peel biochar immobilized in teabags |
| title_full | Batch adsorption of diesel oil in water using saba banana peel biochar immobilized in teabags |
| title_fullStr | Batch adsorption of diesel oil in water using saba banana peel biochar immobilized in teabags |
| title_full_unstemmed | Batch adsorption of diesel oil in water using saba banana peel biochar immobilized in teabags |
| title_short | Batch adsorption of diesel oil in water using saba banana peel biochar immobilized in teabags |
| title_sort | batch adsorption of diesel oil in water using saba banana peel biochar immobilized in teabags |
| topic | Adsorption Banana peels Biochar Central composite design Oil spill |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s44147-024-00398-7 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jefrickjundanielturgel batchadsorptionofdieseloilinwaterusingsababananapeelbiocharimmobilizedinteabags AT justinmarwinabriones batchadsorptionofdieseloilinwaterusingsababananapeelbiocharimmobilizedinteabags AT emmanuelbdiaz batchadsorptionofdieseloilinwaterusingsababananapeelbiocharimmobilizedinteabags AT kirstinmargauxndimaculangan batchadsorptionofdieseloilinwaterusingsababananapeelbiocharimmobilizedinteabags AT kaylalrangel batchadsorptionofdieseloilinwaterusingsababananapeelbiocharimmobilizedinteabags AT edgarclyderlopez batchadsorptionofdieseloilinwaterusingsababananapeelbiocharimmobilizedinteabags |