A Dynamical Bifurcation Model of Bipolar Disorder Based on Learned Expectation and Asymmetry in Mood Sensitivity
Bipolar disorder is a common psychiatric dysfunction characterized by recurring episodes of mania and depression. Despite its prevalence, the causes and mechanisms of bipolar disorder remain largely unknown. Recently, theories focusing on the interaction between emotion and behavior, including those...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Ubiquity Press
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Computational Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/cpsy_a_00021 |
| _version_ | 1798032594155077632 |
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| author | Shyr-Shea Chang Tom Chou |
| author_facet | Shyr-Shea Chang Tom Chou |
| author_sort | Shyr-Shea Chang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bipolar disorder is a common psychiatric dysfunction characterized by recurring episodes of mania and depression. Despite its prevalence, the causes and mechanisms of bipolar disorder remain largely unknown. Recently, theories focusing on the interaction between emotion and behavior, including those based on dysregulation of the so-called behavioral approach system (BAS), have gained popularity. Mathematical models built on this principle predict bistability in mood and do not invoke intrinsic biological rhythms that may arise from interactions between mood and expectation. Here we develop and analyze a model with clinically meaningful and modifiable parameters that incorporates the interaction between mood and expectation. Our nonlinear model exhibits a transition to limit cycle behavior when a mood-sensitivity parameter exceeds a threshold value, signaling a transition to a bipolar state. The model also predicts that asymmetry in response to positive and negative events can induce unipolar depression/mania, consistent with clinical observations. We analyze the model with asymmetric mood sensitivities and show that large unidirectional mood sensitivity can lead to bipolar disorder. Finally, we show how observed effects of lithium- and antidepressant-induced mania can be explained within the framework of our proposed model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:15:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f197f328dfb44999ad49e1c01d1896d8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2379-6227 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:15:21Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Ubiquity Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Computational Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-f197f328dfb44999ad49e1c01d1896d82022-12-22T04:04:59ZengUbiquity PressComputational Psychiatry2379-62272018-12-01220522210.1162/cpsy_a_00021cpsy_a_00021A Dynamical Bifurcation Model of Bipolar Disorder Based on Learned Expectation and Asymmetry in Mood SensitivityShyr-Shea Chang0Tom Chou1Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USADepartment of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USABipolar disorder is a common psychiatric dysfunction characterized by recurring episodes of mania and depression. Despite its prevalence, the causes and mechanisms of bipolar disorder remain largely unknown. Recently, theories focusing on the interaction between emotion and behavior, including those based on dysregulation of the so-called behavioral approach system (BAS), have gained popularity. Mathematical models built on this principle predict bistability in mood and do not invoke intrinsic biological rhythms that may arise from interactions between mood and expectation. Here we develop and analyze a model with clinically meaningful and modifiable parameters that incorporates the interaction between mood and expectation. Our nonlinear model exhibits a transition to limit cycle behavior when a mood-sensitivity parameter exceeds a threshold value, signaling a transition to a bipolar state. The model also predicts that asymmetry in response to positive and negative events can induce unipolar depression/mania, consistent with clinical observations. We analyze the model with asymmetric mood sensitivities and show that large unidirectional mood sensitivity can lead to bipolar disorder. Finally, we show how observed effects of lithium- and antidepressant-induced mania can be explained within the framework of our proposed model.https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/cpsy_a_00021bipolar disorderbehavioral approach systemdynamicsaffective biasprediction error |
| spellingShingle | Shyr-Shea Chang Tom Chou A Dynamical Bifurcation Model of Bipolar Disorder Based on Learned Expectation and Asymmetry in Mood Sensitivity Computational Psychiatry bipolar disorder behavioral approach system dynamics affective bias prediction error |
| title | A Dynamical Bifurcation Model of Bipolar Disorder Based on Learned Expectation and Asymmetry in Mood Sensitivity |
| title_full | A Dynamical Bifurcation Model of Bipolar Disorder Based on Learned Expectation and Asymmetry in Mood Sensitivity |
| title_fullStr | A Dynamical Bifurcation Model of Bipolar Disorder Based on Learned Expectation and Asymmetry in Mood Sensitivity |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Dynamical Bifurcation Model of Bipolar Disorder Based on Learned Expectation and Asymmetry in Mood Sensitivity |
| title_short | A Dynamical Bifurcation Model of Bipolar Disorder Based on Learned Expectation and Asymmetry in Mood Sensitivity |
| title_sort | dynamical bifurcation model of bipolar disorder based on learned expectation and asymmetry in mood sensitivity |
| topic | bipolar disorder behavioral approach system dynamics affective bias prediction error |
| url | https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/cpsy_a_00021 |
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