Structural, Magnetic, and Magnetocaloric Studies of Ball-Milled Fe<sub>100−x</sub><i>T</i><sub>x</sub> (<i>T</i> = Ni and Mn) Alloy
Iron-transition metal-based binary and ternary alloys have attracted great attention due to their relevant mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties. In this paper, we systematically investigate the structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric behavior of as-milled Fe<sub>65</sub><i...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| author | Mohit K. Sharma Akshay Kumar Kavita Kumari Su-jeong Park Naveen Yadav Seok-Hwan Huh Bon-Heun Koo |
| author_facet | Mohit K. Sharma Akshay Kumar Kavita Kumari Su-jeong Park Naveen Yadav Seok-Hwan Huh Bon-Heun Koo |
| author_sort | Mohit K. Sharma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Iron-transition metal-based binary and ternary alloys have attracted great attention due to their relevant mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties. In this paper, we systematically investigate the structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric behavior of as-milled Fe<sub>65</sub><i>T</i><sub>35</sub> (<i>T</i> = Ni and Mn) alloy. The polycrystalline alloys were produced by the planetary ball milling, using a powder-to-ball ratio of 1:3. A structural study reveals that both Fe<sub>65</sub>Ni<sub>35</sub> and Fe<sub>65</sub>Mn<sub>35</sub> compounds have stabilized in α and γ mixed phase within the cubic crystal structure. The alloyed compounds are further characterized by high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FESEM), which confirms the mixing of both metals in the alloying process. Temperature-dependent magnetic studies do not show any blocking in zero-field-cooled and field-cooled results; however, the field-dependent magnetization study demonstrates the ferromagnetic nature with small hysteresis in both compounds. Both compounds show a significant magnetocaloric effect over a wide temperature range around room temperature. Fe<sub>65</sub>Ni<sub>35</sub> exhibit a slightly higher value in comparison to Fe<sub>65</sub>Mn<sub>35</sub>. In both the alloys, magnetic entropy change follows the power law behavior against the external magnetic field, and the value of exponent ‘m’ explains the presence of magnetic correlation. Our investigation in this study communicates that the phase control or coexistence of both phases may be efficacious in obtaining the desirable characteristic of magnetic and magnetocaloric demeanors in such a binary Fe-T alloy. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f1b721deac954016b8a3aaae0560a21e2023-11-23T14:52:59ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-09-011218909810.3390/app12189098Structural, Magnetic, and Magnetocaloric Studies of Ball-Milled Fe<sub>100−x</sub><i>T</i><sub>x</sub> (<i>T</i> = Ni and Mn) AlloyMohit K. Sharma0Akshay Kumar1Kavita Kumari2Su-jeong Park3Naveen Yadav4Seok-Hwan Huh5Bon-Heun Koo6Mechatronics Research Institute, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam, Changwon 51140, KoreaMechatronics Research Institute, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam, Changwon 51140, KoreaIndustrial Technology Research Institute, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam, Changwon 51140, KoreaDepartment of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam, Changwon 51140, KoreaDepartment of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam, Changwon 51140, KoreaDepartment of Mechatronics Conversion Engineering, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam, Changwon 51140, KoreaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Gyeongnam, Changwon 51140, KoreaIron-transition metal-based binary and ternary alloys have attracted great attention due to their relevant mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties. In this paper, we systematically investigate the structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric behavior of as-milled Fe<sub>65</sub><i>T</i><sub>35</sub> (<i>T</i> = Ni and Mn) alloy. The polycrystalline alloys were produced by the planetary ball milling, using a powder-to-ball ratio of 1:3. A structural study reveals that both Fe<sub>65</sub>Ni<sub>35</sub> and Fe<sub>65</sub>Mn<sub>35</sub> compounds have stabilized in α and γ mixed phase within the cubic crystal structure. The alloyed compounds are further characterized by high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (HR-FESEM), which confirms the mixing of both metals in the alloying process. Temperature-dependent magnetic studies do not show any blocking in zero-field-cooled and field-cooled results; however, the field-dependent magnetization study demonstrates the ferromagnetic nature with small hysteresis in both compounds. Both compounds show a significant magnetocaloric effect over a wide temperature range around room temperature. Fe<sub>65</sub>Ni<sub>35</sub> exhibit a slightly higher value in comparison to Fe<sub>65</sub>Mn<sub>35</sub>. In both the alloys, magnetic entropy change follows the power law behavior against the external magnetic field, and the value of exponent ‘m’ explains the presence of magnetic correlation. Our investigation in this study communicates that the phase control or coexistence of both phases may be efficacious in obtaining the desirable characteristic of magnetic and magnetocaloric demeanors in such a binary Fe-T alloy.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/18/9098structural propertiesmagnetic propertiesmagnetocaloric propertiesα and γ phase of Fe-based alloys |
| spellingShingle | Mohit K. Sharma Akshay Kumar Kavita Kumari Su-jeong Park Naveen Yadav Seok-Hwan Huh Bon-Heun Koo Structural, Magnetic, and Magnetocaloric Studies of Ball-Milled Fe<sub>100−x</sub><i>T</i><sub>x</sub> (<i>T</i> = Ni and Mn) Alloy Applied Sciences structural properties magnetic properties magnetocaloric properties α and γ phase of Fe-based alloys |
| title | Structural, Magnetic, and Magnetocaloric Studies of Ball-Milled Fe<sub>100−x</sub><i>T</i><sub>x</sub> (<i>T</i> = Ni and Mn) Alloy |
| title_full | Structural, Magnetic, and Magnetocaloric Studies of Ball-Milled Fe<sub>100−x</sub><i>T</i><sub>x</sub> (<i>T</i> = Ni and Mn) Alloy |
| title_fullStr | Structural, Magnetic, and Magnetocaloric Studies of Ball-Milled Fe<sub>100−x</sub><i>T</i><sub>x</sub> (<i>T</i> = Ni and Mn) Alloy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural, Magnetic, and Magnetocaloric Studies of Ball-Milled Fe<sub>100−x</sub><i>T</i><sub>x</sub> (<i>T</i> = Ni and Mn) Alloy |
| title_short | Structural, Magnetic, and Magnetocaloric Studies of Ball-Milled Fe<sub>100−x</sub><i>T</i><sub>x</sub> (<i>T</i> = Ni and Mn) Alloy |
| title_sort | structural magnetic and magnetocaloric studies of ball milled fe sub 100 x sub i t i sub x sub i t i ni and mn alloy |
| topic | structural properties magnetic properties magnetocaloric properties α and γ phase of Fe-based alloys |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/18/9098 |
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