A multidimensional approach to understanding the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms in adolescence
Women are more vulnerable to internalizing disorders (e.g., depression and anxiety). This study took an integrative developmental approach to investigate multidimensional factors associated with the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms, using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitiv...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929322001256 |
| _version_ | 1798006925128892416 |
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| author | Bianca Serio Robert Kohler Fengdan Ye Sarah D. Lichenstein Sarah W. Yip |
| author_facet | Bianca Serio Robert Kohler Fengdan Ye Sarah D. Lichenstein Sarah W. Yip |
| author_sort | Bianca Serio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Women are more vulnerable to internalizing disorders (e.g., depression and anxiety). This study took an integrative developmental approach to investigate multidimensional factors associated with the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms, using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Indices of sex hormone levels (dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, and estradiol), physical pubertal development, task-based functional brain activity, family conflict, and internalizing symptoms were drawn from the ABCD study’s baseline sample (9- to 10-year-old; N = 11,844). Principal component analysis served as a data-driven dimensionality reduction technique on the internalizing subscales to yield a single robust measure of internalizing symptoms. Moderated mediation analyses assessed whether associations between known risk factors and internalizing symptoms vary by sex. Results revealed direct and indirect effects of physical pubertal development on internalizing symptoms through family conflict across sexes. No effects were found of sex hormone levels or amygdala response to fearful faces on internalizing symptoms. Females did not report overall greater internalizing symptoms relative to males, suggesting that internalizing symptoms have not yet begun to increase in females at this age. Findings provide an essential baseline for future longitudinal research on the endocrine, neurocognitive, and psychosocial factors associated with sex differences in internalizing symptoms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:03:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f1d0623e313b447d9ed5cc9c8096ee15 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-9293 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:03:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-f1d0623e313b447d9ed5cc9c8096ee152022-12-22T04:22:52ZengElsevierDevelopmental Cognitive Neuroscience1878-92932022-12-0158101182A multidimensional approach to understanding the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms in adolescenceBianca Serio0Robert Kohler1Fengdan Ye2Sarah D. Lichenstein3Sarah W. Yip4Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA; Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Max Planck School of Cognition, Leipzig, Germany; Correspondence to: Max Planck School of Cognition, Stephanstrasse 1a, Leipzig, Germany.Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USADepartment of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USADepartment of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USADepartment of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USAWomen are more vulnerable to internalizing disorders (e.g., depression and anxiety). This study took an integrative developmental approach to investigate multidimensional factors associated with the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms, using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Indices of sex hormone levels (dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, and estradiol), physical pubertal development, task-based functional brain activity, family conflict, and internalizing symptoms were drawn from the ABCD study’s baseline sample (9- to 10-year-old; N = 11,844). Principal component analysis served as a data-driven dimensionality reduction technique on the internalizing subscales to yield a single robust measure of internalizing symptoms. Moderated mediation analyses assessed whether associations between known risk factors and internalizing symptoms vary by sex. Results revealed direct and indirect effects of physical pubertal development on internalizing symptoms through family conflict across sexes. No effects were found of sex hormone levels or amygdala response to fearful faces on internalizing symptoms. Females did not report overall greater internalizing symptoms relative to males, suggesting that internalizing symptoms have not yet begun to increase in females at this age. Findings provide an essential baseline for future longitudinal research on the endocrine, neurocognitive, and psychosocial factors associated with sex differences in internalizing symptoms.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929322001256Internalizing symptomsSex differencesNeurodevelopmentAdolescencePubertyHormones |
| spellingShingle | Bianca Serio Robert Kohler Fengdan Ye Sarah D. Lichenstein Sarah W. Yip A multidimensional approach to understanding the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms in adolescence Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Internalizing symptoms Sex differences Neurodevelopment Adolescence Puberty Hormones |
| title | A multidimensional approach to understanding the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms in adolescence |
| title_full | A multidimensional approach to understanding the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms in adolescence |
| title_fullStr | A multidimensional approach to understanding the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms in adolescence |
| title_full_unstemmed | A multidimensional approach to understanding the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms in adolescence |
| title_short | A multidimensional approach to understanding the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms in adolescence |
| title_sort | multidimensional approach to understanding the emergence of sex differences in internalizing symptoms in adolescence |
| topic | Internalizing symptoms Sex differences Neurodevelopment Adolescence Puberty Hormones |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878929322001256 |
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