Phage Interactions with the Nervous System in Health and Disease
The central nervous system manages all of our activities (e.g., direct thinking and decision-making processes). It receives information from the environment and responds to environmental stimuli. Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages, phages) are the most numerous structures occurring in the biosphere a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/13/1720 |
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| author | Adam Jędrusiak Wojciech Fortuna Joanna Majewska Andrzej Górski Ewa Jończyk-Matysiak |
| author_facet | Adam Jędrusiak Wojciech Fortuna Joanna Majewska Andrzej Górski Ewa Jończyk-Matysiak |
| author_sort | Adam Jędrusiak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The central nervous system manages all of our activities (e.g., direct thinking and decision-making processes). It receives information from the environment and responds to environmental stimuli. Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages, phages) are the most numerous structures occurring in the biosphere and are also found in the human organism. Therefore, understanding how phages may influence this system is of great importance and is the purpose of this review. We have focused on the effect of natural bacteriophages in the central nervous system, linking them to those present in the gut microbiota, creating the gut-brain axis network, as well as their interdependence. Importantly, based on the current knowledge in the field of phage application (e.g., intranasal) in the treatment of bacterial diseases associated with the brain and nervous system, bacteriophages may have significant therapeutic potential. Moreover, it was indicated that bacteriophages may influence cognitive processing. In addition, phages (via phage display technology) appear promising as a targeted therapeutic tool in the treatment of, among other things, brain cancers. The information collected and reviewed in this work indicates that phages and their impact on the nervous system is a fascinating and, so far, underexplored field. Therefore, the aim of this review is not only to summarize currently available information on the association of phages with the nervous system, but also to stimulate future studies that could pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches potentially useful in treating bacterial and non-bacterial neural diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:45:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f1ee577dd97d4058921faa19ce791536 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:45:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-f1ee577dd97d4058921faa19ce7915362023-11-18T16:19:07ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092023-06-011213172010.3390/cells12131720Phage Interactions with the Nervous System in Health and DiseaseAdam Jędrusiak0Wojciech Fortuna1Joanna Majewska2Andrzej Górski3Ewa Jończyk-Matysiak4Bacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Neurosurgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 54-427 Wroclaw, PolandBacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, PolandBacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, PolandBacteriophage Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, PolandThe central nervous system manages all of our activities (e.g., direct thinking and decision-making processes). It receives information from the environment and responds to environmental stimuli. Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages, phages) are the most numerous structures occurring in the biosphere and are also found in the human organism. Therefore, understanding how phages may influence this system is of great importance and is the purpose of this review. We have focused on the effect of natural bacteriophages in the central nervous system, linking them to those present in the gut microbiota, creating the gut-brain axis network, as well as their interdependence. Importantly, based on the current knowledge in the field of phage application (e.g., intranasal) in the treatment of bacterial diseases associated with the brain and nervous system, bacteriophages may have significant therapeutic potential. Moreover, it was indicated that bacteriophages may influence cognitive processing. In addition, phages (via phage display technology) appear promising as a targeted therapeutic tool in the treatment of, among other things, brain cancers. The information collected and reviewed in this work indicates that phages and their impact on the nervous system is a fascinating and, so far, underexplored field. Therefore, the aim of this review is not only to summarize currently available information on the association of phages with the nervous system, but also to stimulate future studies that could pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches potentially useful in treating bacterial and non-bacterial neural diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/13/1720antibiotic resistanceblood–brain barriercentral nervous systemcerebrospinal fluidcognitive processinggut–brain axis |
| spellingShingle | Adam Jędrusiak Wojciech Fortuna Joanna Majewska Andrzej Górski Ewa Jończyk-Matysiak Phage Interactions with the Nervous System in Health and Disease Cells antibiotic resistance blood–brain barrier central nervous system cerebrospinal fluid cognitive processing gut–brain axis |
| title | Phage Interactions with the Nervous System in Health and Disease |
| title_full | Phage Interactions with the Nervous System in Health and Disease |
| title_fullStr | Phage Interactions with the Nervous System in Health and Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phage Interactions with the Nervous System in Health and Disease |
| title_short | Phage Interactions with the Nervous System in Health and Disease |
| title_sort | phage interactions with the nervous system in health and disease |
| topic | antibiotic resistance blood–brain barrier central nervous system cerebrospinal fluid cognitive processing gut–brain axis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/13/1720 |
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