Study of Iron and Stony Meteorite Ablation Based on Simulation Experiments in an Arc Heater
To observe meteorite ablation, simulation experiments were conducted on the L5 ordinary chondrite and IAB-MG iron meteorites in an arc-heated facility and three flight conditions were reproduced. To mimic the high heating rates and the significant shear stress that meteorites experience during Earth...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad063c |
| _version_ | 1827366465731297280 |
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| author | Lei Wang Lei Ning Dang Ling Wei Yang Jin Bo Liu Jie Huang Zhen Jun Huang Jing Kang Yang Yue Luo |
| author_facet | Lei Wang Lei Ning Dang Ling Wei Yang Jin Bo Liu Jie Huang Zhen Jun Huang Jing Kang Yang Yue Luo |
| author_sort | Lei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To observe meteorite ablation, simulation experiments were conducted on the L5 ordinary chondrite and IAB-MG iron meteorites in an arc-heated facility and three flight conditions were reproduced. To mimic the high heating rates and the significant shear stress that meteorites experience during Earth entry, the samples were machined into 9° spherical cones with a 20 mm nose radius. High-quality video, the surface temperature, a time-resolved spectrum, and infrared video were recorded. The atom species were determined via spectroscopy to analyze the ablation products. Due to the electrode erosion and dissociation of air, the atomic lines of copper, nitrogen, and oxygen were detected in all the tests. Although the copper atom is a pollutant to the flow field, the five copper lines were used to determine the flow-field temperature. The ablation rates and effective heat of ablation of both the samples were measured under different conditions. The results indicate that shear stress is the dominant factor influencing meteorite ablation. Furthermore, the diversity between stony and iron meteorites suggests that the mass loss of stony meteorites depends on the fragmentation of the main body and that of iron meteorites depends on the shearing loss of the molten layer. Then, the fusion crusts were analyzed, the microstructures of the samples were obtained, the crust thicknesses were measured, and the elemental distribution of the stony meteorites was determined via energy dispersion spectroscopy. The study results explain the differences in the ablation and recrystallization process between stony and iron meteorites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T08:50:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f1ef161c5dcb4a6f8527c753c7957520 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T08:50:53Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-f1ef161c5dcb4a6f8527c753c79575202024-02-01T11:17:55ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-0196212310.3847/1538-4357/ad063cStudy of Iron and Stony Meteorite Ablation Based on Simulation Experiments in an Arc HeaterLei Wang0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4902-4949Lei Ning Dang1Ling Wei Yang2Jin Bo Liu3Jie Huang4Zhen Jun Huang5Jing Kang Yang6Yue Luo7Hypervelocity Aerodynamic Institute , China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (HAI-CARDC), 6 South Section of Second Ring Road, Mianyang 621000, People’s Republic of China ; myheater@sohu.comHypervelocity Aerodynamic Institute , China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (HAI-CARDC), 6 South Section of Second Ring Road, Mianyang 621000, People’s Republic of China ; myheater@sohu.comHypervelocity Aerodynamic Institute , China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (HAI-CARDC), 6 South Section of Second Ring Road, Mianyang 621000, People’s Republic of China ; myheater@sohu.comHypervelocity Aerodynamic Institute , China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (HAI-CARDC), 6 South Section of Second Ring Road, Mianyang 621000, People’s Republic of China ; myheater@sohu.comHypervelocity Aerodynamic Institute , China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (HAI-CARDC), 6 South Section of Second Ring Road, Mianyang 621000, People’s Republic of China ; myheater@sohu.comHypervelocity Aerodynamic Institute , China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (HAI-CARDC), 6 South Section of Second Ring Road, Mianyang 621000, People’s Republic of China ; myheater@sohu.comHypervelocity Aerodynamic Institute , China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (HAI-CARDC), 6 South Section of Second Ring Road, Mianyang 621000, People’s Republic of China ; myheater@sohu.comHypervelocity Aerodynamic Institute , China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (HAI-CARDC), 6 South Section of Second Ring Road, Mianyang 621000, People’s Republic of China ; myheater@sohu.comTo observe meteorite ablation, simulation experiments were conducted on the L5 ordinary chondrite and IAB-MG iron meteorites in an arc-heated facility and three flight conditions were reproduced. To mimic the high heating rates and the significant shear stress that meteorites experience during Earth entry, the samples were machined into 9° spherical cones with a 20 mm nose radius. High-quality video, the surface temperature, a time-resolved spectrum, and infrared video were recorded. The atom species were determined via spectroscopy to analyze the ablation products. Due to the electrode erosion and dissociation of air, the atomic lines of copper, nitrogen, and oxygen were detected in all the tests. Although the copper atom is a pollutant to the flow field, the five copper lines were used to determine the flow-field temperature. The ablation rates and effective heat of ablation of both the samples were measured under different conditions. The results indicate that shear stress is the dominant factor influencing meteorite ablation. Furthermore, the diversity between stony and iron meteorites suggests that the mass loss of stony meteorites depends on the fragmentation of the main body and that of iron meteorites depends on the shearing loss of the molten layer. Then, the fusion crusts were analyzed, the microstructures of the samples were obtained, the crust thicknesses were measured, and the elemental distribution of the stony meteorites was determined via energy dispersion spectroscopy. The study results explain the differences in the ablation and recrystallization process between stony and iron meteorites.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad063cMeteorites |
| spellingShingle | Lei Wang Lei Ning Dang Ling Wei Yang Jin Bo Liu Jie Huang Zhen Jun Huang Jing Kang Yang Yue Luo Study of Iron and Stony Meteorite Ablation Based on Simulation Experiments in an Arc Heater The Astrophysical Journal Meteorites |
| title | Study of Iron and Stony Meteorite Ablation Based on Simulation Experiments in an Arc Heater |
| title_full | Study of Iron and Stony Meteorite Ablation Based on Simulation Experiments in an Arc Heater |
| title_fullStr | Study of Iron and Stony Meteorite Ablation Based on Simulation Experiments in an Arc Heater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of Iron and Stony Meteorite Ablation Based on Simulation Experiments in an Arc Heater |
| title_short | Study of Iron and Stony Meteorite Ablation Based on Simulation Experiments in an Arc Heater |
| title_sort | study of iron and stony meteorite ablation based on simulation experiments in an arc heater |
| topic | Meteorites |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad063c |
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