Evaluation of a Standardized Extract Obtained from Cashew Apple (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) Bagasse in DSS-Induced Mouse Colitis
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) include Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Several studies relate eating habits to different aspects of IBD, such as progression and worsening of the clinical condition. Therefore, many natural products (NPs) such as polyphenols and carotenoids have been identi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-09-01
|
| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/17/3318 |
| _version_ | 1797582568503115776 |
|---|---|
| author | Gisele Goulart da Silva Lucia Elaine de Oliveira Braga Ellen Cristina Souza de Oliveira João Ernesto de Carvalho Josy Goldoni Lazarini Pedro Luiz Rosalen Ana Paula Dionísio Ana Lucia Tasca Gois Ruiz |
| author_facet | Gisele Goulart da Silva Lucia Elaine de Oliveira Braga Ellen Cristina Souza de Oliveira João Ernesto de Carvalho Josy Goldoni Lazarini Pedro Luiz Rosalen Ana Paula Dionísio Ana Lucia Tasca Gois Ruiz |
| author_sort | Gisele Goulart da Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) include Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Several studies relate eating habits to different aspects of IBD, such as progression and worsening of the clinical condition. Therefore, many natural products (NPs) such as polyphenols and carotenoids have been identified as promising agents in supporting IBD. An interesting source for obtaining bioactive NPs is the by-products of the food industry. The present study evaluated the potential beneficial effect of a standardized extract (CAE) obtained from cashew apple bagasse in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis model in mice. This was the first time that CAE had been evaluated in this experimental model. Chemical evaluation of CAE identified carotenoids (96.28 ± 0.15 mg/100 g), phenolic compounds (37.49 ± 0.64 mg/100 g), and a mixture of anacardic acids (C15:3 = 94.2 ± 0.6 mg/100 g; C15:2 = 108.4 ± 0.1 mg/100 g; C15:1 = 214.8 ± 0.2 mg/100 g). Administration of CAE (500 mg/kg, 4 days, p.o.) after DSS challenge was more effective in delaying disease progression compared with prior treatment (500 mg/kg, 30 days, p.o.), according to the disease activity index. However, no treatment strategy with CAE was able to prevent or inhibit disease progression, since all parameters evaluated (macroscopic, biochemical, and histopathological) in CAE-treated animals were similar to those observed in DSS-challenged animals. Despite the high dose (500 mg/kg), the standardized extract (CAE) did not result in an effective concentration of carotenoids. Furthermore, as some anacardic acids have been reported as histone acetyltransferases inhibitors, there could be a possible antagonistic relationship between carotenoids and anacardic acids. Complementary research will be necessary to test the hypothesis of antagonism. Thus, an optimized extract, with an even higher concentration of carotenoids, obtained from cashew apple bagasse, can be developed as a possible adjuvant food supplement for inflammatory bowel diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:23:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f1f06d411e6847cda684c21132fcfc58 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:23:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-f1f06d411e6847cda684c21132fcfc582023-11-19T08:09:53ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-09-011217331810.3390/foods12173318Evaluation of a Standardized Extract Obtained from Cashew Apple (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) Bagasse in DSS-Induced Mouse ColitisGisele Goulart da Silva0Lucia Elaine de Oliveira Braga1Ellen Cristina Souza de Oliveira2João Ernesto de Carvalho3Josy Goldoni Lazarini4Pedro Luiz Rosalen5Ana Paula Dionísio6Ana Lucia Tasca Gois Ruiz7Piracicaba Dental School, Graduate Program in Dentistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, BrazilPiracicaba Dental School, Graduate Program in Dentistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, BrazilInstitute of Biology, Cellular and Structural Biology Graduate Program, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-865, SP, BrazilFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-871, SP, BrazilDepartment of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, BrazilPiracicaba Dental School, Graduate Program in Dentistry, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, BrazilEmbrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza 60511-110, CE, BrazilFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-871, SP, BrazilInflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) include Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Several studies relate eating habits to different aspects of IBD, such as progression and worsening of the clinical condition. Therefore, many natural products (NPs) such as polyphenols and carotenoids have been identified as promising agents in supporting IBD. An interesting source for obtaining bioactive NPs is the by-products of the food industry. The present study evaluated the potential beneficial effect of a standardized extract (CAE) obtained from cashew apple bagasse in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis model in mice. This was the first time that CAE had been evaluated in this experimental model. Chemical evaluation of CAE identified carotenoids (96.28 ± 0.15 mg/100 g), phenolic compounds (37.49 ± 0.64 mg/100 g), and a mixture of anacardic acids (C15:3 = 94.2 ± 0.6 mg/100 g; C15:2 = 108.4 ± 0.1 mg/100 g; C15:1 = 214.8 ± 0.2 mg/100 g). Administration of CAE (500 mg/kg, 4 days, p.o.) after DSS challenge was more effective in delaying disease progression compared with prior treatment (500 mg/kg, 30 days, p.o.), according to the disease activity index. However, no treatment strategy with CAE was able to prevent or inhibit disease progression, since all parameters evaluated (macroscopic, biochemical, and histopathological) in CAE-treated animals were similar to those observed in DSS-challenged animals. Despite the high dose (500 mg/kg), the standardized extract (CAE) did not result in an effective concentration of carotenoids. Furthermore, as some anacardic acids have been reported as histone acetyltransferases inhibitors, there could be a possible antagonistic relationship between carotenoids and anacardic acids. Complementary research will be necessary to test the hypothesis of antagonism. Thus, an optimized extract, with an even higher concentration of carotenoids, obtained from cashew apple bagasse, can be developed as a possible adjuvant food supplement for inflammatory bowel diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/17/3318<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.food by-productscarotenoidsanacardic acidscolitisinflammatory bowel diseases |
| spellingShingle | Gisele Goulart da Silva Lucia Elaine de Oliveira Braga Ellen Cristina Souza de Oliveira João Ernesto de Carvalho Josy Goldoni Lazarini Pedro Luiz Rosalen Ana Paula Dionísio Ana Lucia Tasca Gois Ruiz Evaluation of a Standardized Extract Obtained from Cashew Apple (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) Bagasse in DSS-Induced Mouse Colitis Foods <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. food by-products carotenoids anacardic acids colitis inflammatory bowel diseases |
| title | Evaluation of a Standardized Extract Obtained from Cashew Apple (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) Bagasse in DSS-Induced Mouse Colitis |
| title_full | Evaluation of a Standardized Extract Obtained from Cashew Apple (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) Bagasse in DSS-Induced Mouse Colitis |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of a Standardized Extract Obtained from Cashew Apple (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) Bagasse in DSS-Induced Mouse Colitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of a Standardized Extract Obtained from Cashew Apple (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) Bagasse in DSS-Induced Mouse Colitis |
| title_short | Evaluation of a Standardized Extract Obtained from Cashew Apple (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L.) Bagasse in DSS-Induced Mouse Colitis |
| title_sort | evaluation of a standardized extract obtained from cashew apple i anacardium occidentale i l bagasse in dss induced mouse colitis |
| topic | <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. food by-products carotenoids anacardic acids colitis inflammatory bowel diseases |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/17/3318 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT giselegoulartdasilva evaluationofastandardizedextractobtainedfromcashewappleianacardiumoccidentaleilbagasseindssinducedmousecolitis AT luciaelainedeoliveirabraga evaluationofastandardizedextractobtainedfromcashewappleianacardiumoccidentaleilbagasseindssinducedmousecolitis AT ellencristinasouzadeoliveira evaluationofastandardizedextractobtainedfromcashewappleianacardiumoccidentaleilbagasseindssinducedmousecolitis AT joaoernestodecarvalho evaluationofastandardizedextractobtainedfromcashewappleianacardiumoccidentaleilbagasseindssinducedmousecolitis AT josygoldonilazarini evaluationofastandardizedextractobtainedfromcashewappleianacardiumoccidentaleilbagasseindssinducedmousecolitis AT pedroluizrosalen evaluationofastandardizedextractobtainedfromcashewappleianacardiumoccidentaleilbagasseindssinducedmousecolitis AT anapauladionisio evaluationofastandardizedextractobtainedfromcashewappleianacardiumoccidentaleilbagasseindssinducedmousecolitis AT analuciatascagoisruiz evaluationofastandardizedextractobtainedfromcashewappleianacardiumoccidentaleilbagasseindssinducedmousecolitis |