Effects of Adding Brevibacillus laterosporu FAS05 to Feed on the Growth, Disease Resistance, and Immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei
Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the important crustaceans in aquaculture in China. In recent years, the shrimp culture industry has gradually developed into an intensive and high-density model, which can lead to environmental deterioration and large-scale outbreak of diseases. The widespread use of a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Science Press, PR China
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Progress in Fishery Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.yykxjz.cn/yykxjz/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20220111002 |
| _version_ | 1827823645981933568 |
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| author | Daode YU Kaikai LIU Jingjing SONG Shaojing GUO Ancheng ZHU Xiaolu WANG Ying FAN Youhong WANG Hongjun LIU |
| author_facet | Daode YU Kaikai LIU Jingjing SONG Shaojing GUO Ancheng ZHU Xiaolu WANG Ying FAN Youhong WANG Hongjun LIU |
| author_sort | Daode YU |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the important crustaceans in aquaculture in China. In recent years, the shrimp culture industry has gradually developed into an intensive and high-density model, which can lead to environmental deterioration and large-scale outbreak of diseases. The widespread use of antibiotics has led to the increase of pathogen drug resistance, environmental pollution, and ecological imbalance, resulting in secondary pollution in the water. Probiotics are live microbial additives that promote good health and are environmentally sustainable and safe for use. They are often used as important substitutes for antibiotics. Brevibacillus laterosporu, as a biocontrol probiotic, is commonly used for disease control of crops, animals, and poultry, but its use is rarely reported in aquaculture. A 28-day breeding experiment was carried out with L. vannamei weighing (1.00±0.08) g, to study the effects of adding B. laterosporu FAS05 in the feed on the growth, disease resistance, and immunity of L. vannamei. The experiment was divided into four groups with three replicates in each group, and 50 shrimps in each replicate were fed with the experimental feed supplemented with 0 CFU/g (group C, as the control group), 105 CFU/g (group BL1), 107 CFU/g (group BL2), and 109 CFU/g (group BL3) of B. laterosporu FAS05. B. laterosporu FAS05 was isolated from the aquaculture pond with a low number of Vibrio in summer. The bacterium was added into the basic feed with fish meal, soybean meal, and corn meal as the main protein source, fish oil and phospholipid oil were added as the fat source, wheat flour as the main sugar source, and inorganic salts and vitamins as supplements. L. vannamei was purchased from a prawn farm in Weihai City, Shandong Province. The temperature was 25–28 ℃ and the salinity was 27–30. During the breeding experiment, eight shrimps were randomly selected in each tank every two weeks and their body length, weight, and plumpness were measured. The phagocytic activity assay was modified on the basis of the method reported by Delaporte et al (2003). Fl-1 channel flow cytometry was used to detect and analyze the offset of respiratory burst peak. The blood lymphocytes, serum, and hepatopancreas of shrimp were collected 24 hours after the experiment. The activities of immune related enzymes in hepatopancreas, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, and the activities of immune related enzymes in serum, phenol oxidase (PO), and lysozyme (LZM), were determined by kits. The phagocytic activity was measured, and the assay was modified on the basis of Delaporte et al (2003). Fl-1 channel flow cytometry was used to detect and analyze the offset of respiratory burst peak. After the feeding test, a one-week infection test of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was carried out to determine disease resistance. The experimental results were expressed as Mean±SD. One-way ANOVA analysis was conducted for all data using statistical software SPSS 16.0, and significance level was defined as P < 0.05. LSD homogeneity of variance test was used to compare the differences between experimental treatment groups and control groups. The results showed that there was no significant difference in survival rate among all groups (P > 0.05), and the body length, body weight, and specific growth rate of shrimps in the BL1 and BL2 groups were significantly higher than those in group C (P < 0.05). Compared to that in group C, the abundance of Vibrio in the aquaculture water in the BL1 to BL3 groups was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). After infection with V. parahemolyticus, the survival rate of group C was about 45%, while the survival rate of the BL1 to BL3 groups was more than 80%; therefore, the survival rate of the BL1 to BL3 groups was significantly higher than that in group C (P < 0.05), and no significant difference was found among the BL1 to BL3 groups (P > 0.05). Compared to that of group C, the phagocytizing rate of shrimp blood cells in the BL1 to BL3 groups increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the production of ROS in blood cells decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The LZM, CAT and ACP activities of shrimps in the BL1 to BL3 groups were significantly higher than those in group C (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in LZM and ACP activities among the BL1 to BL3 groups (P > 0.05). The PO of shrimps in the BL2 group was significantly higher than those in other groups (P < 0.05). The ALP and SOD in the BL1 and BL2 groups were significantly higher than those in group C and BL3 (P < 0.05). The above results showed that B. laterosporu FAS05 as a feed additive could promote the growth of shrimp, activate the immune system, improve disease resistance, and inhibit the growth of Vibrio in the surrounding environment. The reference dosage was 105 CFU/g. When the infection is serious, the dosage can be increased to 107 CFU/g to further improve the non-specific immunity of shrimp. The results of this study can provide basic data for the application of B. laterosporu FAS05 in shrimp culture and production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:14:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f1ff55bdf6bb42bf861bc6fdd4ab209e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2095-9869 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:14:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Science Press, PR China |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Progress in Fishery Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-f1ff55bdf6bb42bf861bc6fdd4ab209e2023-09-06T10:04:14ZengScience Press, PR ChinaProgress in Fishery Sciences2095-98692023-06-0144314415310.19663/j.issn2095-9869.2022011100220220111002Effects of Adding Brevibacillus laterosporu FAS05 to Feed on the Growth, Disease Resistance, and Immunity of Litopenaeus vannameiDaode YU0Kaikai LIU1Jingjing SONG2Shaojing GUO3Ancheng ZHU4Xiaolu WANG5Ying FAN6Youhong WANG7Hongjun LIU8Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, ChinaMarine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, ChinaMarine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, ChinaMarine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, ChinaShandong Marine Forecast and Hazard Migitation Service, Qingdao 266104, ChinaMarine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, ChinaMarine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, ChinaMarine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, ChinaMarine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, ChinaLitopenaeus vannamei is one of the important crustaceans in aquaculture in China. In recent years, the shrimp culture industry has gradually developed into an intensive and high-density model, which can lead to environmental deterioration and large-scale outbreak of diseases. The widespread use of antibiotics has led to the increase of pathogen drug resistance, environmental pollution, and ecological imbalance, resulting in secondary pollution in the water. Probiotics are live microbial additives that promote good health and are environmentally sustainable and safe for use. They are often used as important substitutes for antibiotics. Brevibacillus laterosporu, as a biocontrol probiotic, is commonly used for disease control of crops, animals, and poultry, but its use is rarely reported in aquaculture. A 28-day breeding experiment was carried out with L. vannamei weighing (1.00±0.08) g, to study the effects of adding B. laterosporu FAS05 in the feed on the growth, disease resistance, and immunity of L. vannamei. The experiment was divided into four groups with three replicates in each group, and 50 shrimps in each replicate were fed with the experimental feed supplemented with 0 CFU/g (group C, as the control group), 105 CFU/g (group BL1), 107 CFU/g (group BL2), and 109 CFU/g (group BL3) of B. laterosporu FAS05. B. laterosporu FAS05 was isolated from the aquaculture pond with a low number of Vibrio in summer. The bacterium was added into the basic feed with fish meal, soybean meal, and corn meal as the main protein source, fish oil and phospholipid oil were added as the fat source, wheat flour as the main sugar source, and inorganic salts and vitamins as supplements. L. vannamei was purchased from a prawn farm in Weihai City, Shandong Province. The temperature was 25–28 ℃ and the salinity was 27–30. During the breeding experiment, eight shrimps were randomly selected in each tank every two weeks and their body length, weight, and plumpness were measured. The phagocytic activity assay was modified on the basis of the method reported by Delaporte et al (2003). Fl-1 channel flow cytometry was used to detect and analyze the offset of respiratory burst peak. The blood lymphocytes, serum, and hepatopancreas of shrimp were collected 24 hours after the experiment. The activities of immune related enzymes in hepatopancreas, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, and the activities of immune related enzymes in serum, phenol oxidase (PO), and lysozyme (LZM), were determined by kits. The phagocytic activity was measured, and the assay was modified on the basis of Delaporte et al (2003). Fl-1 channel flow cytometry was used to detect and analyze the offset of respiratory burst peak. After the feeding test, a one-week infection test of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was carried out to determine disease resistance. The experimental results were expressed as Mean±SD. One-way ANOVA analysis was conducted for all data using statistical software SPSS 16.0, and significance level was defined as P < 0.05. LSD homogeneity of variance test was used to compare the differences between experimental treatment groups and control groups. The results showed that there was no significant difference in survival rate among all groups (P > 0.05), and the body length, body weight, and specific growth rate of shrimps in the BL1 and BL2 groups were significantly higher than those in group C (P < 0.05). Compared to that in group C, the abundance of Vibrio in the aquaculture water in the BL1 to BL3 groups was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). After infection with V. parahemolyticus, the survival rate of group C was about 45%, while the survival rate of the BL1 to BL3 groups was more than 80%; therefore, the survival rate of the BL1 to BL3 groups was significantly higher than that in group C (P < 0.05), and no significant difference was found among the BL1 to BL3 groups (P > 0.05). Compared to that of group C, the phagocytizing rate of shrimp blood cells in the BL1 to BL3 groups increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the production of ROS in blood cells decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The LZM, CAT and ACP activities of shrimps in the BL1 to BL3 groups were significantly higher than those in group C (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in LZM and ACP activities among the BL1 to BL3 groups (P > 0.05). The PO of shrimps in the BL2 group was significantly higher than those in other groups (P < 0.05). The ALP and SOD in the BL1 and BL2 groups were significantly higher than those in group C and BL3 (P < 0.05). The above results showed that B. laterosporu FAS05 as a feed additive could promote the growth of shrimp, activate the immune system, improve disease resistance, and inhibit the growth of Vibrio in the surrounding environment. The reference dosage was 105 CFU/g. When the infection is serious, the dosage can be increased to 107 CFU/g to further improve the non-specific immunity of shrimp. The results of this study can provide basic data for the application of B. laterosporu FAS05 in shrimp culture and production.http://journal.yykxjz.cn/yykxjz/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20220111002litopenaeus vannameibrevibacillus laterosporu fas05growthimmunitydisease resistance |
| spellingShingle | Daode YU Kaikai LIU Jingjing SONG Shaojing GUO Ancheng ZHU Xiaolu WANG Ying FAN Youhong WANG Hongjun LIU Effects of Adding Brevibacillus laterosporu FAS05 to Feed on the Growth, Disease Resistance, and Immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei Progress in Fishery Sciences litopenaeus vannamei brevibacillus laterosporu fas05 growth immunity disease resistance |
| title | Effects of Adding Brevibacillus laterosporu FAS05 to Feed on the Growth, Disease Resistance, and Immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei |
| title_full | Effects of Adding Brevibacillus laterosporu FAS05 to Feed on the Growth, Disease Resistance, and Immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Adding Brevibacillus laterosporu FAS05 to Feed on the Growth, Disease Resistance, and Immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Adding Brevibacillus laterosporu FAS05 to Feed on the Growth, Disease Resistance, and Immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei |
| title_short | Effects of Adding Brevibacillus laterosporu FAS05 to Feed on the Growth, Disease Resistance, and Immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei |
| title_sort | effects of adding brevibacillus laterosporu fas05 to feed on the growth disease resistance and immunity of litopenaeus vannamei |
| topic | litopenaeus vannamei brevibacillus laterosporu fas05 growth immunity disease resistance |
| url | http://journal.yykxjz.cn/yykxjz/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20220111002 |
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