High Resolution Chemical Stratigraphies of Atmospheric Depositions from a 4 m Depth Snow Pit at Dome C (East Antarctica)
In this work, we present chemical stratigraphies of two sampling lines collected within a 4 m depth snow pit dug in Dome C during the Antarctic summer Campaign 2017/2018, 12 years after the last reported snow pit. The first sampling line was analyzed for nine anionic and cationic species using Ion C...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/7/909 |
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| author | Laura Caiazzo Silvia Becagli Stefano Bertinetti Marco Grotti Silvia Nava Mirko Severi Rita Traversi |
| author_facet | Laura Caiazzo Silvia Becagli Stefano Bertinetti Marco Grotti Silvia Nava Mirko Severi Rita Traversi |
| author_sort | Laura Caiazzo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, we present chemical stratigraphies of two sampling lines collected within a 4 m depth snow pit dug in Dome C during the Antarctic summer Campaign 2017/2018, 12 years after the last reported snow pit. The first sampling line was analyzed for nine anionic and cationic species using Ion Chromatography (IC); the second sampling line was analyzed for seven major elements in an innovative way with Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) after sample pre-concentration, allowing the study of deposition processes of new markers especially related to crustal source. This coupled analysis, besides confirming previous studies, allowed us to investigate the depositions of the last decades at Dome C, enriching the number of the detected chemical markers, and yielding these two techniques complementary for the study of different markers in this kind of matrix. As a result of the dating, the snow layers analyzed covered the last 50 years of snow depositions. The assessment of the accumulation rate, estimated about 9 cm yr<sup>−1</sup>, was accomplished only for the period 1992–2016, as the eruption of 1992 constituted the only tie-point found in nssSO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> depth profile. Na, the reliable sea salt marker, together with Mg and Sr, mainly arose from marine sources, whereas Ca, Al and Fe originated from crustal inputs. Post-depositional processes occurred on Cl<sup>−</sup> as well as on NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and methanesulfonic acid (MSA); compared to the latter, Cl<sup>−</sup> had a more gradual decrease, reporting a threshold at 2.5 m for the post-depositional process completion. For NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and MSA, instead, the threshold was shallower, at about 1 m depth, with a loss of 87% for NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and of 50% for MSA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:46:30Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:46:30Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-f1fff725db154ce2b8b5e44f38c7b5bd2023-11-22T03:14:36ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332021-07-0112790910.3390/atmos12070909High Resolution Chemical Stratigraphies of Atmospheric Depositions from a 4 m Depth Snow Pit at Dome C (East Antarctica)Laura Caiazzo0Silvia Becagli1Stefano Bertinetti2Marco Grotti3Silvia Nava4Mirko Severi5Rita Traversi6National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN)-Florence Division, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, 16146 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, 16146 Genoa, ItalyNational Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN)-Florence Division, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyIn this work, we present chemical stratigraphies of two sampling lines collected within a 4 m depth snow pit dug in Dome C during the Antarctic summer Campaign 2017/2018, 12 years after the last reported snow pit. The first sampling line was analyzed for nine anionic and cationic species using Ion Chromatography (IC); the second sampling line was analyzed for seven major elements in an innovative way with Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) after sample pre-concentration, allowing the study of deposition processes of new markers especially related to crustal source. This coupled analysis, besides confirming previous studies, allowed us to investigate the depositions of the last decades at Dome C, enriching the number of the detected chemical markers, and yielding these two techniques complementary for the study of different markers in this kind of matrix. As a result of the dating, the snow layers analyzed covered the last 50 years of snow depositions. The assessment of the accumulation rate, estimated about 9 cm yr<sup>−1</sup>, was accomplished only for the period 1992–2016, as the eruption of 1992 constituted the only tie-point found in nssSO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> depth profile. Na, the reliable sea salt marker, together with Mg and Sr, mainly arose from marine sources, whereas Ca, Al and Fe originated from crustal inputs. Post-depositional processes occurred on Cl<sup>−</sup> as well as on NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and methanesulfonic acid (MSA); compared to the latter, Cl<sup>−</sup> had a more gradual decrease, reporting a threshold at 2.5 m for the post-depositional process completion. For NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and MSA, instead, the threshold was shallower, at about 1 m depth, with a loss of 87% for NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and of 50% for MSA.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/7/909dome Csnow pition chromatographyICP-OESchemical stratigraphiespost-depositional processes |
| spellingShingle | Laura Caiazzo Silvia Becagli Stefano Bertinetti Marco Grotti Silvia Nava Mirko Severi Rita Traversi High Resolution Chemical Stratigraphies of Atmospheric Depositions from a 4 m Depth Snow Pit at Dome C (East Antarctica) Atmosphere dome C snow pit ion chromatography ICP-OES chemical stratigraphies post-depositional processes |
| title | High Resolution Chemical Stratigraphies of Atmospheric Depositions from a 4 m Depth Snow Pit at Dome C (East Antarctica) |
| title_full | High Resolution Chemical Stratigraphies of Atmospheric Depositions from a 4 m Depth Snow Pit at Dome C (East Antarctica) |
| title_fullStr | High Resolution Chemical Stratigraphies of Atmospheric Depositions from a 4 m Depth Snow Pit at Dome C (East Antarctica) |
| title_full_unstemmed | High Resolution Chemical Stratigraphies of Atmospheric Depositions from a 4 m Depth Snow Pit at Dome C (East Antarctica) |
| title_short | High Resolution Chemical Stratigraphies of Atmospheric Depositions from a 4 m Depth Snow Pit at Dome C (East Antarctica) |
| title_sort | high resolution chemical stratigraphies of atmospheric depositions from a 4 m depth snow pit at dome c east antarctica |
| topic | dome C snow pit ion chromatography ICP-OES chemical stratigraphies post-depositional processes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/12/7/909 |
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