Evaluation of Stereolithography-Based Additive Manufacturing Technology for BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics at 465 nm
A piezoceramic BaTiO<sub>3</sub> material that is difficult for 3D printing was tested with a homemade laser-based stereolithography (SLA) setup. The high light absorbance of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> in the spectral range of 350–410 nm makes this material hardly usable with most com...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/412 |
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| author | Svyatoslav Chugunov Andrey Smirnov Anastasia Kholodkova Andrey Tikhonov Oleg Dubinin Igor Shishkovsky |
| author_facet | Svyatoslav Chugunov Andrey Smirnov Anastasia Kholodkova Andrey Tikhonov Oleg Dubinin Igor Shishkovsky |
| author_sort | Svyatoslav Chugunov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A piezoceramic BaTiO<sub>3</sub> material that is difficult for 3D printing was tested with a homemade laser-based stereolithography (SLA) setup. The high light absorbance of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> in the spectral range of 350–410 nm makes this material hardly usable with most commercial SLA 3D printers. The typical polymerization depth of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> ceramic pastes in this spectral range hardly reaches 30–50 µm for 40 vol % powder loading. A spectral change to 465 nm was realized in this work via a robot-based experimental SLA setup to improve the 3D printing efficiency. The ceramic paste was prepared from a preconditioned commercial BaTiO<sub>3</sub> powder and used for 3D printing. The paste’s polymerization was investigated with variation of powder fraction (10–55 vol %), speed of a laser beam (1–10 mm/s, at constant laser power), and a hatching spacing (100–1000 µm). The polymerization depths of over 100 µm were routinely reached with the 465 nm SLA for pastes having 55 vol % powder loading. The spectral shift from 350–410 nm spectral region to 465 nm reduced the light absorption by BaTiO<sub>3</sub> and remedied the photopolymerization process, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive optical analysis of prospective powders in SLA technology. Two multi-layered objects were 3D-printed to demonstrate the positive effect of the spectral shift. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:49:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f20d4e6369214cc7854c3af95dfe5289 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:49:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-f20d4e6369214cc7854c3af95dfe52892023-11-23T11:12:37ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-01-0112141210.3390/app12010412Evaluation of Stereolithography-Based Additive Manufacturing Technology for BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics at 465 nmSvyatoslav Chugunov0Andrey Smirnov1Anastasia Kholodkova2Andrey Tikhonov3Oleg Dubinin4Igor Shishkovsky5Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, RussiaSkolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, RussiaSkolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, RussiaSkolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, RussiaSkolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, RussiaSkolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, RussiaA piezoceramic BaTiO<sub>3</sub> material that is difficult for 3D printing was tested with a homemade laser-based stereolithography (SLA) setup. The high light absorbance of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> in the spectral range of 350–410 nm makes this material hardly usable with most commercial SLA 3D printers. The typical polymerization depth of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> ceramic pastes in this spectral range hardly reaches 30–50 µm for 40 vol % powder loading. A spectral change to 465 nm was realized in this work via a robot-based experimental SLA setup to improve the 3D printing efficiency. The ceramic paste was prepared from a preconditioned commercial BaTiO<sub>3</sub> powder and used for 3D printing. The paste’s polymerization was investigated with variation of powder fraction (10–55 vol %), speed of a laser beam (1–10 mm/s, at constant laser power), and a hatching spacing (100–1000 µm). The polymerization depths of over 100 µm were routinely reached with the 465 nm SLA for pastes having 55 vol % powder loading. The spectral shift from 350–410 nm spectral region to 465 nm reduced the light absorption by BaTiO<sub>3</sub> and remedied the photopolymerization process, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive optical analysis of prospective powders in SLA technology. Two multi-layered objects were 3D-printed to demonstrate the positive effect of the spectral shift.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/412BaTiO<sub>3</sub>3D printingstereolithographySLAlead-free piezoceramics |
| spellingShingle | Svyatoslav Chugunov Andrey Smirnov Anastasia Kholodkova Andrey Tikhonov Oleg Dubinin Igor Shishkovsky Evaluation of Stereolithography-Based Additive Manufacturing Technology for BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics at 465 nm Applied Sciences BaTiO<sub>3</sub> 3D printing stereolithography SLA lead-free piezoceramics |
| title | Evaluation of Stereolithography-Based Additive Manufacturing Technology for BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics at 465 nm |
| title_full | Evaluation of Stereolithography-Based Additive Manufacturing Technology for BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics at 465 nm |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Stereolithography-Based Additive Manufacturing Technology for BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics at 465 nm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Stereolithography-Based Additive Manufacturing Technology for BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics at 465 nm |
| title_short | Evaluation of Stereolithography-Based Additive Manufacturing Technology for BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics at 465 nm |
| title_sort | evaluation of stereolithography based additive manufacturing technology for batio sub 3 sub ceramics at 465 nm |
| topic | BaTiO<sub>3</sub> 3D printing stereolithography SLA lead-free piezoceramics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/1/412 |
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