Individual differences in cognitive performance and brain structure in typically developing children
Individual differences in cognitive patterning is informative in understanding one's cognitive strengths and weaknesses. However, little is known about the difference in brain structures relating to individual differences in cognitive patterning. In this study, we classified typically developin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2015-08-01
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| Series: | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187892931500050X |
| _version_ | 1818982844083470336 |
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| author | Susumu Yokota Hikaru Takeuchi Teruo Hashimoto Hiroshi Hashizume Kohei Asano Michiko Asano Yuko Sassa Yasuyuki Taki Ryuta Kawashima |
| author_facet | Susumu Yokota Hikaru Takeuchi Teruo Hashimoto Hiroshi Hashizume Kohei Asano Michiko Asano Yuko Sassa Yasuyuki Taki Ryuta Kawashima |
| author_sort | Susumu Yokota |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Individual differences in cognitive patterning is informative in understanding one's cognitive strengths and weaknesses. However, little is known about the difference in brain structures relating to individual differences in cognitive patterning. In this study, we classified typically developing children (n = 277; age range, 5–16 years) into subtypes with k-means cluster analysis along with factor index scores using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Third Edition). We then applied voxel-based morphometry to investigate whether significant gray-matter-volume differences existed among subtypes of cognitive patterns. Depending on the level of performance and cognitive patterning, we obtained six subtypes. One subtype that generally scored below average showed larger volume in the right middle temporal gyrus than the other five. On the other hand, two subtypes that achieved average levels of performance showed reverse-patterned factor index scores (one scored higher in Verbal Comprehension and Freedom from Distractibility, and the other scored lower in these two factor index scores) and had smaller volume in the right middle temporal gyrus than the other subtypes. From these results, we concluded that cognitive discrepancy was also obvious in typically developing children and that differences in cognitive patterning are represented in brain structure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T17:53:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f211dcc8f07e4e7abded07101686a23e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-9293 1878-9307 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T17:53:40Z |
| publishDate | 2015-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-f211dcc8f07e4e7abded07101686a23e2022-12-21T19:30:47ZengElsevierDevelopmental Cognitive Neuroscience1878-92931878-93072015-08-0114C1710.1016/j.dcn.2015.05.003Individual differences in cognitive performance and brain structure in typically developing childrenSusumu Yokota0Hikaru Takeuchi1Teruo Hashimoto2Hiroshi Hashizume3Kohei Asano4Michiko Asano5Yuko Sassa6Yasuyuki Taki7Ryuta Kawashima8Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanIndividual differences in cognitive patterning is informative in understanding one's cognitive strengths and weaknesses. However, little is known about the difference in brain structures relating to individual differences in cognitive patterning. In this study, we classified typically developing children (n = 277; age range, 5–16 years) into subtypes with k-means cluster analysis along with factor index scores using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Third Edition). We then applied voxel-based morphometry to investigate whether significant gray-matter-volume differences existed among subtypes of cognitive patterns. Depending on the level of performance and cognitive patterning, we obtained six subtypes. One subtype that generally scored below average showed larger volume in the right middle temporal gyrus than the other five. On the other hand, two subtypes that achieved average levels of performance showed reverse-patterned factor index scores (one scored higher in Verbal Comprehension and Freedom from Distractibility, and the other scored lower in these two factor index scores) and had smaller volume in the right middle temporal gyrus than the other subtypes. From these results, we concluded that cognitive discrepancy was also obvious in typically developing children and that differences in cognitive patterning are represented in brain structure.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187892931500050XMRIWechsler Intelligence Scale for ChildrenFactor index scoresCognitive patternsVoxel-based morphometryGray matter volume |
| spellingShingle | Susumu Yokota Hikaru Takeuchi Teruo Hashimoto Hiroshi Hashizume Kohei Asano Michiko Asano Yuko Sassa Yasuyuki Taki Ryuta Kawashima Individual differences in cognitive performance and brain structure in typically developing children Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience MRI Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Factor index scores Cognitive patterns Voxel-based morphometry Gray matter volume |
| title | Individual differences in cognitive performance and brain structure in typically developing children |
| title_full | Individual differences in cognitive performance and brain structure in typically developing children |
| title_fullStr | Individual differences in cognitive performance and brain structure in typically developing children |
| title_full_unstemmed | Individual differences in cognitive performance and brain structure in typically developing children |
| title_short | Individual differences in cognitive performance and brain structure in typically developing children |
| title_sort | individual differences in cognitive performance and brain structure in typically developing children |
| topic | MRI Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Factor index scores Cognitive patterns Voxel-based morphometry Gray matter volume |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187892931500050X |
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