Assessment of potential pathogenic bacterial load and multidrug resistance in locally manufactured cosmetics commonly used in Dhaka metropolis
Abstract In Bangladesh cosmetics are being produced disregarding the Good Manufacturing Practices. So, this study aimed to test the level and nature of bacterial contamination of such cosmetics. A total of 27 cosmetics comprising eight lipsticks, nine powders, and ten creams were bought from New Mar...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34782-9 |
| _version_ | 1827948162194604032 |
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| author | Namira Nusrat Maftuha Ahmad Zahra Akash Ahmed Fahim Haque |
| author_facet | Namira Nusrat Maftuha Ahmad Zahra Akash Ahmed Fahim Haque |
| author_sort | Namira Nusrat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In Bangladesh cosmetics are being produced disregarding the Good Manufacturing Practices. So, this study aimed to test the level and nature of bacterial contamination of such cosmetics. A total of 27 cosmetics comprising eight lipsticks, nine powders, and ten creams were bought from New Market and Tejgaon areas of Dhaka city and tested. Bacteria was detected in 85.2% of samples. Majority of the samples (77.8%) exceeded the limit given by the Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution (BSTI), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella spp.) and Gram-positive bacteria (species of Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus and Listeria monocytogenes) were identified. Hemolysis was observed in 66.7% Gram-positive and 25% Gram-negative bacteria. Multidrug resistance was tested in 165 randomly selected isolates. Every species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria exhibited varying levels of multidrug resistance. The highest levels of antibiotic resistance were in broad-spectrum antibiotics (ampicillin, azithromycin, cefepime, ciprofloxacin and meropenem) and narrow-spectrum Gram-negative antibiotics (aztreonam and colistin). Multidrug resistance was 12–78% in Gram-negative bacteria and 12–100% in Gram-positive bacteria. Coagulase and DNase were identified in 97.5% and 5.1% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates respectively. Our findings indicate that these cosmetics pose a risk to the public’s health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T12:50:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f23072e45fe14ebb84c72fbeed67fe27 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T12:50:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-f23072e45fe14ebb84c72fbeed67fe272023-05-14T11:17:45ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-05-0113111210.1038/s41598-023-34782-9Assessment of potential pathogenic bacterial load and multidrug resistance in locally manufactured cosmetics commonly used in Dhaka metropolisNamira Nusrat0Maftuha Ahmad Zahra1Akash Ahmed2Fahim Haque3Microbiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC UniversityMicrobiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC UniversityMicrobiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC UniversityMicrobiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC UniversityAbstract In Bangladesh cosmetics are being produced disregarding the Good Manufacturing Practices. So, this study aimed to test the level and nature of bacterial contamination of such cosmetics. A total of 27 cosmetics comprising eight lipsticks, nine powders, and ten creams were bought from New Market and Tejgaon areas of Dhaka city and tested. Bacteria was detected in 85.2% of samples. Majority of the samples (77.8%) exceeded the limit given by the Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution (BSTI), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella spp.) and Gram-positive bacteria (species of Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus and Listeria monocytogenes) were identified. Hemolysis was observed in 66.7% Gram-positive and 25% Gram-negative bacteria. Multidrug resistance was tested in 165 randomly selected isolates. Every species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria exhibited varying levels of multidrug resistance. The highest levels of antibiotic resistance were in broad-spectrum antibiotics (ampicillin, azithromycin, cefepime, ciprofloxacin and meropenem) and narrow-spectrum Gram-negative antibiotics (aztreonam and colistin). Multidrug resistance was 12–78% in Gram-negative bacteria and 12–100% in Gram-positive bacteria. Coagulase and DNase were identified in 97.5% and 5.1% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates respectively. Our findings indicate that these cosmetics pose a risk to the public’s health.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34782-9 |
| spellingShingle | Namira Nusrat Maftuha Ahmad Zahra Akash Ahmed Fahim Haque Assessment of potential pathogenic bacterial load and multidrug resistance in locally manufactured cosmetics commonly used in Dhaka metropolis Scientific Reports |
| title | Assessment of potential pathogenic bacterial load and multidrug resistance in locally manufactured cosmetics commonly used in Dhaka metropolis |
| title_full | Assessment of potential pathogenic bacterial load and multidrug resistance in locally manufactured cosmetics commonly used in Dhaka metropolis |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of potential pathogenic bacterial load and multidrug resistance in locally manufactured cosmetics commonly used in Dhaka metropolis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of potential pathogenic bacterial load and multidrug resistance in locally manufactured cosmetics commonly used in Dhaka metropolis |
| title_short | Assessment of potential pathogenic bacterial load and multidrug resistance in locally manufactured cosmetics commonly used in Dhaka metropolis |
| title_sort | assessment of potential pathogenic bacterial load and multidrug resistance in locally manufactured cosmetics commonly used in dhaka metropolis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34782-9 |
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