Metabolic Profile Reveals the Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Methionyl-Methionine in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell
Our previous transcriptomic study found that methionyl-methionine (Met-Met) exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in the bovine mammary epithelial cell (MAC-T) at a molecular level. However, evidence of whether the metabolic production of Met-Met confers protection was scarce. To investigate the inflam...
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/3/833 |
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| author | Wei Lan Yifei Ren Zhen Wang Jianxin Liu Hongyun Liu |
| author_facet | Wei Lan Yifei Ren Zhen Wang Jianxin Liu Hongyun Liu |
| author_sort | Wei Lan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Our previous transcriptomic study found that methionyl-methionine (Met-Met) exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in the bovine mammary epithelial cell (MAC-T) at a molecular level. However, evidence of whether the metabolic production of Met-Met confers protection was scarce. To investigate the inflammatory response and metabolite changes of Met-Met in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation of MAC-T, mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and qPCR were conducted. The increased levels of <i>IL-8</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>, <i>AP-1,</i> and <i>MCP-1</i> were reduced by pretreating with 2 mM Met-Met after LPS exposure. Metabolomics profiling analysis demonstrated that LPS induced significant alteration of metabolites, including decreased tryptophan, phenylalanine, and histidine levels and increased palmitic acid and stearic acid levels as well as purine metabolism disorder, whereas Met-Met reversed these changes significantly. Pathways analysis revealed that overlapping metabolites were mainly enriched in the cysteine and methionine metabolism, fatty acids biosynthesis, and purines degradation. Correlation networks showed that the metabolic profile was significantly altered under the conditions of inflammation and Met-Met treatment. Collectively, Met-Met might relieve MAC-T cell inflammation via hydrolysate methionine, which further changes the processes of amino acid, purine, and fatty acid metabolism. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:13:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f24c2e7083e54bd6b89bc8ddbe8387ec2023-11-21T10:39:37ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-03-0111383310.3390/ani11030833Metabolic Profile Reveals the Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Methionyl-Methionine in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Mammary Epithelial CellWei Lan0Yifei Ren1Zhen Wang2Jianxin Liu3Hongyun Liu4College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaOur previous transcriptomic study found that methionyl-methionine (Met-Met) exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in the bovine mammary epithelial cell (MAC-T) at a molecular level. However, evidence of whether the metabolic production of Met-Met confers protection was scarce. To investigate the inflammatory response and metabolite changes of Met-Met in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation of MAC-T, mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and qPCR were conducted. The increased levels of <i>IL-8</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>, <i>AP-1,</i> and <i>MCP-1</i> were reduced by pretreating with 2 mM Met-Met after LPS exposure. Metabolomics profiling analysis demonstrated that LPS induced significant alteration of metabolites, including decreased tryptophan, phenylalanine, and histidine levels and increased palmitic acid and stearic acid levels as well as purine metabolism disorder, whereas Met-Met reversed these changes significantly. Pathways analysis revealed that overlapping metabolites were mainly enriched in the cysteine and methionine metabolism, fatty acids biosynthesis, and purines degradation. Correlation networks showed that the metabolic profile was significantly altered under the conditions of inflammation and Met-Met treatment. Collectively, Met-Met might relieve MAC-T cell inflammation via hydrolysate methionine, which further changes the processes of amino acid, purine, and fatty acid metabolism.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/3/833Met-MetlipopolysaccharideinflammationMAC-T |
| spellingShingle | Wei Lan Yifei Ren Zhen Wang Jianxin Liu Hongyun Liu Metabolic Profile Reveals the Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Methionyl-Methionine in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell Animals Met-Met lipopolysaccharide inflammation MAC-T |
| title | Metabolic Profile Reveals the Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Methionyl-Methionine in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell |
| title_full | Metabolic Profile Reveals the Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Methionyl-Methionine in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell |
| title_fullStr | Metabolic Profile Reveals the Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Methionyl-Methionine in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolic Profile Reveals the Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Methionyl-Methionine in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell |
| title_short | Metabolic Profile Reveals the Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Methionyl-Methionine in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell |
| title_sort | metabolic profile reveals the immunosuppressive mechanisms of methionyl methionine in lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cell |
| topic | Met-Met lipopolysaccharide inflammation MAC-T |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/3/833 |
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