Monitoring Marine Habitats With Photogrammetry: A Cost-Effective, Accurate, Precise and High-Resolution Reconstruction Method
Underwater photogrammetry has been increasingly used to study and monitor the three-dimensional characteristics of marine habitats, despite a lack of knowledge on the quality and reliability of the reconstructions. More particularly, little attention has been paid to exploring and estimating the rel...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00276/full |
| _version_ | 1828492410467909632 |
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| author | Guilhem Marre Guilhem Marre Guilhem Marre Florian Holon Sandra Luque Pierre Boissery Julie Deter Julie Deter Julie Deter |
| author_facet | Guilhem Marre Guilhem Marre Guilhem Marre Florian Holon Sandra Luque Pierre Boissery Julie Deter Julie Deter Julie Deter |
| author_sort | Guilhem Marre |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Underwater photogrammetry has been increasingly used to study and monitor the three-dimensional characteristics of marine habitats, despite a lack of knowledge on the quality and reliability of the reconstructions. More particularly, little attention has been paid to exploring and estimating the relative contribution of multiple acquisition parameters on the model resolution (distance between neighbor vertices), accuracy (closeness to true positions/measures) and precision (variability of positions/measures). On the other hand, some studies used expensive or cumbersome camera systems that can restrict the number of users of this technology for the monitoring of marine habitats. This study aimed at developing a simple and cost-effective protocol able to produce accurate and reproducible high-resolution models. Precisely, the effect of the camera system, flying elevation, camera orientation and number of images on the resolution and accuracy of marine habitat reconstructions was tested through two experiments. A first experiment allowed for testing all combinations of acquisition parameters through the building of 192 models of the same 36 m2 study site. The flying elevation and camera system strongly affected the model resolution, while the photo density mostly affected bundle adjustment accuracy and total processing time. The camera orientation, in turn, mostly affected the reprojection error. The best combination of parameters was used in a second experiment to assess the accuracy and precision of the resulting reconstructions. The average model resolution was 3.4 mm, and despite a decreasing precision in the positioning of markers with distance to the model center (0.33, 0.27, and 1.2 mm/m Standard Deviation (SD) in X, Y, Z, respectively), the measures were very accurate and precise: 0.08% error ± 0.06 SD for bar lengths, 0.36% ± 0.51 SD for a rock model area and 0.92% ± 0.54 SD for its volume. The 3D geometry of the rock only differed by 1.2 mm ± 0.8 SD from the ultra-high resolution in-air reference. These results suggest that this simple and cost-effective protocol produces accurate and reproducible models that are suitable for the study and monitoring of marine habitats at a small reef scale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T11:20:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f254b64e82964a5298bcad82f5042680 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T11:20:00Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f254b64e82964a5298bcad82f50426802022-12-22T01:09:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452019-05-01610.3389/fmars.2019.00276456477Monitoring Marine Habitats With Photogrammetry: A Cost-Effective, Accurate, Precise and High-Resolution Reconstruction MethodGuilhem Marre0Guilhem Marre1Guilhem Marre2Florian Holon3Sandra Luque4Pierre Boissery5Julie Deter6Julie Deter7Julie Deter8Andromède Océanologie, Mauguio, FranceTETIS, University of Montpellier, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, IRSTEA, Montpellier, FranceISEM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, FranceAndromède Océanologie, Mauguio, FranceTETIS, University of Montpellier, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, IRSTEA, Montpellier, FranceAgence de l’Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse, Marseille, FranceAndromède Océanologie, Mauguio, FranceISEM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, FranceMARBEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Labcom InToSea, Montpellier, FranceUnderwater photogrammetry has been increasingly used to study and monitor the three-dimensional characteristics of marine habitats, despite a lack of knowledge on the quality and reliability of the reconstructions. More particularly, little attention has been paid to exploring and estimating the relative contribution of multiple acquisition parameters on the model resolution (distance between neighbor vertices), accuracy (closeness to true positions/measures) and precision (variability of positions/measures). On the other hand, some studies used expensive or cumbersome camera systems that can restrict the number of users of this technology for the monitoring of marine habitats. This study aimed at developing a simple and cost-effective protocol able to produce accurate and reproducible high-resolution models. Precisely, the effect of the camera system, flying elevation, camera orientation and number of images on the resolution and accuracy of marine habitat reconstructions was tested through two experiments. A first experiment allowed for testing all combinations of acquisition parameters through the building of 192 models of the same 36 m2 study site. The flying elevation and camera system strongly affected the model resolution, while the photo density mostly affected bundle adjustment accuracy and total processing time. The camera orientation, in turn, mostly affected the reprojection error. The best combination of parameters was used in a second experiment to assess the accuracy and precision of the resulting reconstructions. The average model resolution was 3.4 mm, and despite a decreasing precision in the positioning of markers with distance to the model center (0.33, 0.27, and 1.2 mm/m Standard Deviation (SD) in X, Y, Z, respectively), the measures were very accurate and precise: 0.08% error ± 0.06 SD for bar lengths, 0.36% ± 0.51 SD for a rock model area and 0.92% ± 0.54 SD for its volume. The 3D geometry of the rock only differed by 1.2 mm ± 0.8 SD from the ultra-high resolution in-air reference. These results suggest that this simple and cost-effective protocol produces accurate and reproducible models that are suitable for the study and monitoring of marine habitats at a small reef scale.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00276/fullunderwater photogrammetryresolutionaccuracyprecision3D habitat mappingmarine ecology |
| spellingShingle | Guilhem Marre Guilhem Marre Guilhem Marre Florian Holon Sandra Luque Pierre Boissery Julie Deter Julie Deter Julie Deter Monitoring Marine Habitats With Photogrammetry: A Cost-Effective, Accurate, Precise and High-Resolution Reconstruction Method Frontiers in Marine Science underwater photogrammetry resolution accuracy precision 3D habitat mapping marine ecology |
| title | Monitoring Marine Habitats With Photogrammetry: A Cost-Effective, Accurate, Precise and High-Resolution Reconstruction Method |
| title_full | Monitoring Marine Habitats With Photogrammetry: A Cost-Effective, Accurate, Precise and High-Resolution Reconstruction Method |
| title_fullStr | Monitoring Marine Habitats With Photogrammetry: A Cost-Effective, Accurate, Precise and High-Resolution Reconstruction Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring Marine Habitats With Photogrammetry: A Cost-Effective, Accurate, Precise and High-Resolution Reconstruction Method |
| title_short | Monitoring Marine Habitats With Photogrammetry: A Cost-Effective, Accurate, Precise and High-Resolution Reconstruction Method |
| title_sort | monitoring marine habitats with photogrammetry a cost effective accurate precise and high resolution reconstruction method |
| topic | underwater photogrammetry resolution accuracy precision 3D habitat mapping marine ecology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2019.00276/full |
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