Population dynamics of <it>Neisseria gonorrhoeae </it>in Shanghai, China: a comparative study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Gonorrhea is a major sexually transmitted disease (STD) in many countries worldwide. The emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance has complicated efforts to control and treat this disease. We report the first study of the evolutionary...
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| Format: | Article |
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BMC
2010-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/10/13 |
| _version_ | 1828947860528300032 |
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| author | Yang Yang Gu Weiming Pérez-Losada Marcos Tazi Loubna Xue Lin Crandall Keith A Viscidi Raphael P |
| author_facet | Yang Yang Gu Weiming Pérez-Losada Marcos Tazi Loubna Xue Lin Crandall Keith A Viscidi Raphael P |
| author_sort | Yang Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Gonorrhea is a major sexually transmitted disease (STD) in many countries worldwide. The emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance has complicated efforts to control and treat this disease. We report the first study of the evolutionary processes acting on transmission dynamics of a resistant gonococcal population from Shanghai, China. We compare these findings with our previous study of the evolution of a fluoroquinolone sensitive gonococcal population from Baltimore, MD.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Ninety six gonococcal samples were collected from male patients in Shanghai, China. All samples were fluoroquinolone resistant. Seven MLST housekeeping genes, two fluoroquinolone resistance genes (<it>gyrA </it>and <it>parC</it>) and the <it>porB </it>gene were sequenced and subjected to population genetic and evolutionary analyses. We estimated genetic diversity, recombination, growth, and selective pressure. The evolutionary history and population dynamics of the Shanghai population were also inferred and compared with that observed in a fluoroquinolone sensitive gonococcal population from Baltimore.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>For both populations, mutation plays a larger role than recombination in the evolution of the <it>porB </it>gene, whereas the latter seems to be the main force driving the evolution of housekeeping and fluoroquinolone resistance genes. In both populations there was evidence for positively selected sites in all genes analyzed. The phylogenetic analyses showed no temporal clustering in the Shanghai gonococcal population, nor did we detect shared allelic profiles between the Shanghai and the Baltimore populations. Past population dynamics of gonococcal strains from Shanghai showed a rising relative effective population size (Ne) in MLST genes with a declining relative Ne for <it>gyrA </it>and <it>parC</it>, whereas among sensitive strains from Baltimore we previously observed concordance among these genes. In both Shanghai and Baltimore, the past population dynamics of gonococcal strains tracked changes in the prevalence of gonorrhea.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our study illustrates both similarities and differences in the evolutionary processes acting on gonococcal populations in different geographic areas. An explanation of this pattern that may apply in China is the continued use of quinolone antibiotics despite widespread resistance. Population genetic analysis of gonococcal strains in conjunction with epidemiological surveillance may provide insights into the epidemic behavior of antibiotic resistant strains and help to design control measures.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T05:37:05Z |
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| id | doaj.art-f258fe818066407bb7fbea3115676278 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-f258fe818066407bb7fbea31156762782022-12-21T23:15:09ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342010-01-011011310.1186/1471-2334-10-13Population dynamics of <it>Neisseria gonorrhoeae </it>in Shanghai, China: a comparative studyYang YangGu WeimingPérez-Losada MarcosTazi LoubnaXue LinCrandall Keith AViscidi Raphael P<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Gonorrhea is a major sexually transmitted disease (STD) in many countries worldwide. The emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance has complicated efforts to control and treat this disease. We report the first study of the evolutionary processes acting on transmission dynamics of a resistant gonococcal population from Shanghai, China. We compare these findings with our previous study of the evolution of a fluoroquinolone sensitive gonococcal population from Baltimore, MD.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Ninety six gonococcal samples were collected from male patients in Shanghai, China. All samples were fluoroquinolone resistant. Seven MLST housekeeping genes, two fluoroquinolone resistance genes (<it>gyrA </it>and <it>parC</it>) and the <it>porB </it>gene were sequenced and subjected to population genetic and evolutionary analyses. We estimated genetic diversity, recombination, growth, and selective pressure. The evolutionary history and population dynamics of the Shanghai population were also inferred and compared with that observed in a fluoroquinolone sensitive gonococcal population from Baltimore.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>For both populations, mutation plays a larger role than recombination in the evolution of the <it>porB </it>gene, whereas the latter seems to be the main force driving the evolution of housekeeping and fluoroquinolone resistance genes. In both populations there was evidence for positively selected sites in all genes analyzed. The phylogenetic analyses showed no temporal clustering in the Shanghai gonococcal population, nor did we detect shared allelic profiles between the Shanghai and the Baltimore populations. Past population dynamics of gonococcal strains from Shanghai showed a rising relative effective population size (Ne) in MLST genes with a declining relative Ne for <it>gyrA </it>and <it>parC</it>, whereas among sensitive strains from Baltimore we previously observed concordance among these genes. In both Shanghai and Baltimore, the past population dynamics of gonococcal strains tracked changes in the prevalence of gonorrhea.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our study illustrates both similarities and differences in the evolutionary processes acting on gonococcal populations in different geographic areas. An explanation of this pattern that may apply in China is the continued use of quinolone antibiotics despite widespread resistance. Population genetic analysis of gonococcal strains in conjunction with epidemiological surveillance may provide insights into the epidemic behavior of antibiotic resistant strains and help to design control measures.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/10/13 |
| spellingShingle | Yang Yang Gu Weiming Pérez-Losada Marcos Tazi Loubna Xue Lin Crandall Keith A Viscidi Raphael P Population dynamics of <it>Neisseria gonorrhoeae </it>in Shanghai, China: a comparative study BMC Infectious Diseases |
| title | Population dynamics of <it>Neisseria gonorrhoeae </it>in Shanghai, China: a comparative study |
| title_full | Population dynamics of <it>Neisseria gonorrhoeae </it>in Shanghai, China: a comparative study |
| title_fullStr | Population dynamics of <it>Neisseria gonorrhoeae </it>in Shanghai, China: a comparative study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Population dynamics of <it>Neisseria gonorrhoeae </it>in Shanghai, China: a comparative study |
| title_short | Population dynamics of <it>Neisseria gonorrhoeae </it>in Shanghai, China: a comparative study |
| title_sort | population dynamics of it neisseria gonorrhoeae it in shanghai china a comparative study |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/10/13 |
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