Detection of Dolphin Whistle-Like Biomimicking Signals by Phase Analysis
The application of low probability of detection (LPD) in underwater acoustic communication is challenging due to the limited bandwidth and frequency band available that allows simple interception using energy detection. Confronting that, recent LPD schemes offer to disguise the communication signal...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IEEE
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | IEEE Access |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9749286/ |
| _version_ | 1819046232462458880 |
|---|---|
| author | Itamar Davidesco Roee Diamant |
| author_facet | Itamar Davidesco Roee Diamant |
| author_sort | Itamar Davidesco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The application of low probability of detection (LPD) in underwater acoustic communication is challenging due to the limited bandwidth and frequency band available that allows simple interception using energy detection. Confronting that, recent LPD schemes offer to disguise the communication signal as a vocalization of a marine mammal. This way, the signals can be transmitted at high power, while the interceptor believes these are biological sounds. In this paper, we propose a first interceptor tailored to distinguish between anthropogenic and biological sounds. Our main assumption is that, due to limitations on the dump-off factor of the acoustic projector, the phase of a real whistle would be much more diverse than that of a disguised whistle-like signal. We therefore propose as a classification measure the randomness of the signal’s phase. The phase is calculated by a phase-locked-loop, while the phase’s randomness is measured by entropy. Our results show that the approximate and sample entropies, which both uncover regularities in a signal, are good classification metrics. Analysis of data obtained from two sea experiments and from a large database of tagged dolphins’ whistles, shows that our interception scheme can well distinguish between real and biomimicked signals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T10:41:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f25d820b353444dda88ab070f8302c3a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T10:41:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-f25d820b353444dda88ab070f8302c3a2022-12-21T19:06:56ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362022-01-0110368683687610.1109/ACCESS.2022.31650589749286Detection of Dolphin Whistle-Like Biomimicking Signals by Phase AnalysisItamar Davidesco0Roee Diamant1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2430-7061Department of Marine Technologies, University of Haifa, Haifa, IsraelDepartment of Marine Technologies, University of Haifa, Haifa, IsraelThe application of low probability of detection (LPD) in underwater acoustic communication is challenging due to the limited bandwidth and frequency band available that allows simple interception using energy detection. Confronting that, recent LPD schemes offer to disguise the communication signal as a vocalization of a marine mammal. This way, the signals can be transmitted at high power, while the interceptor believes these are biological sounds. In this paper, we propose a first interceptor tailored to distinguish between anthropogenic and biological sounds. Our main assumption is that, due to limitations on the dump-off factor of the acoustic projector, the phase of a real whistle would be much more diverse than that of a disguised whistle-like signal. We therefore propose as a classification measure the randomness of the signal’s phase. The phase is calculated by a phase-locked-loop, while the phase’s randomness is measured by entropy. Our results show that the approximate and sample entropies, which both uncover regularities in a signal, are good classification metrics. Analysis of data obtained from two sea experiments and from a large database of tagged dolphins’ whistles, shows that our interception scheme can well distinguish between real and biomimicked signals.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9749286/Low probability of detectionunderwater acoustic communicationsbiomimickingphase locked loopentropy analysis |
| spellingShingle | Itamar Davidesco Roee Diamant Detection of Dolphin Whistle-Like Biomimicking Signals by Phase Analysis IEEE Access Low probability of detection underwater acoustic communications biomimicking phase locked loop entropy analysis |
| title | Detection of Dolphin Whistle-Like Biomimicking Signals by Phase Analysis |
| title_full | Detection of Dolphin Whistle-Like Biomimicking Signals by Phase Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Detection of Dolphin Whistle-Like Biomimicking Signals by Phase Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Dolphin Whistle-Like Biomimicking Signals by Phase Analysis |
| title_short | Detection of Dolphin Whistle-Like Biomimicking Signals by Phase Analysis |
| title_sort | detection of dolphin whistle like biomimicking signals by phase analysis |
| topic | Low probability of detection underwater acoustic communications biomimicking phase locked loop entropy analysis |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9749286/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT itamardavidesco detectionofdolphinwhistlelikebiomimickingsignalsbyphaseanalysis AT roeediamant detectionofdolphinwhistlelikebiomimickingsignalsbyphaseanalysis |