Tolerogenic Transcriptional Signatures of Steady-State and Pathogen-Induced Dendritic Cells
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key directors of tolerogenic and immunogenic immune responses. During the steady state, DCs maintain T cell tolerance to self-antigens by multiple mechanisms including inducing anergy, deletion, and Treg activity. All of these mechanisms help to prevent autoimmune diseases...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00333/full |
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| author | Emilia Vendelova Diyaaeldin Ashour Patrick Blank Florian Erhard Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba Ulrich Kalinke Manfred B. Lutz |
| author_facet | Emilia Vendelova Diyaaeldin Ashour Patrick Blank Florian Erhard Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba Ulrich Kalinke Manfred B. Lutz |
| author_sort | Emilia Vendelova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dendritic cells (DCs) are key directors of tolerogenic and immunogenic immune responses. During the steady state, DCs maintain T cell tolerance to self-antigens by multiple mechanisms including inducing anergy, deletion, and Treg activity. All of these mechanisms help to prevent autoimmune diseases or other hyperreactivities. Different DC subsets contribute to pathogen recognition by expression of different subsets of pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptors or C-type lectins. In addition to the triggering of immune responses in infected hosts, most pathogens have evolved mechanisms for evasion of targeted responses. One such strategy is characterized by adopting the host’s T cell tolerance mechanisms. Understanding these tolerogenic mechanisms is of utmost importance for therapeutic approaches to treat immune pathologies, tumors and infections. Transcriptional profiling has developed into a potent tool for DC subset identification. Here, we review and compile pathogen-induced tolerogenic transcriptional signatures from mRNA profiling data of currently available bacterial- or helminth-induced transcriptional signatures. We compare them with signatures of tolerogenic steady-state DC subtypes to identify common and divergent strategies of pathogen induced immune evasion. Candidate molecules are discussed in detail. Our analysis provides further insights into tolerogenic DC signatures and their exploitation by different pathogens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T23:10:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f2630f516fe64a6ca27c0bafd51f9eb3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T23:10:56Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-f2630f516fe64a6ca27c0bafd51f9eb32022-12-21T23:28:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242018-02-01910.3389/fimmu.2018.00333323894Tolerogenic Transcriptional Signatures of Steady-State and Pathogen-Induced Dendritic CellsEmilia Vendelova0Diyaaeldin Ashour1Patrick Blank2Florian Erhard3Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba4Ulrich Kalinke5Manfred B. Lutz6Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, GermanyInstitute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, GermanyInstitute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, GermanyInstitute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, GermanyHelmholtz Institute for RNA-Based Infection Research (HIRI), Würzburg, GermanyInstitute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, GermanyInstitute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, GermanyDendritic cells (DCs) are key directors of tolerogenic and immunogenic immune responses. During the steady state, DCs maintain T cell tolerance to self-antigens by multiple mechanisms including inducing anergy, deletion, and Treg activity. All of these mechanisms help to prevent autoimmune diseases or other hyperreactivities. Different DC subsets contribute to pathogen recognition by expression of different subsets of pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptors or C-type lectins. In addition to the triggering of immune responses in infected hosts, most pathogens have evolved mechanisms for evasion of targeted responses. One such strategy is characterized by adopting the host’s T cell tolerance mechanisms. Understanding these tolerogenic mechanisms is of utmost importance for therapeutic approaches to treat immune pathologies, tumors and infections. Transcriptional profiling has developed into a potent tool for DC subset identification. Here, we review and compile pathogen-induced tolerogenic transcriptional signatures from mRNA profiling data of currently available bacterial- or helminth-induced transcriptional signatures. We compare them with signatures of tolerogenic steady-state DC subtypes to identify common and divergent strategies of pathogen induced immune evasion. Candidate molecules are discussed in detail. Our analysis provides further insights into tolerogenic DC signatures and their exploitation by different pathogens.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00333/fulltolerogenic dendritic cellstranscriptional profilingsteady-state dendritic cellsbacteriamycobacteriahelminths |
| spellingShingle | Emilia Vendelova Diyaaeldin Ashour Patrick Blank Florian Erhard Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba Ulrich Kalinke Manfred B. Lutz Tolerogenic Transcriptional Signatures of Steady-State and Pathogen-Induced Dendritic Cells Frontiers in Immunology tolerogenic dendritic cells transcriptional profiling steady-state dendritic cells bacteria mycobacteria helminths |
| title | Tolerogenic Transcriptional Signatures of Steady-State and Pathogen-Induced Dendritic Cells |
| title_full | Tolerogenic Transcriptional Signatures of Steady-State and Pathogen-Induced Dendritic Cells |
| title_fullStr | Tolerogenic Transcriptional Signatures of Steady-State and Pathogen-Induced Dendritic Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tolerogenic Transcriptional Signatures of Steady-State and Pathogen-Induced Dendritic Cells |
| title_short | Tolerogenic Transcriptional Signatures of Steady-State and Pathogen-Induced Dendritic Cells |
| title_sort | tolerogenic transcriptional signatures of steady state and pathogen induced dendritic cells |
| topic | tolerogenic dendritic cells transcriptional profiling steady-state dendritic cells bacteria mycobacteria helminths |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00333/full |
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