Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody-Based Approaches in the Management of Bacterial Sepsis
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by an uncontrolled inflammatory response to an infectious agent and its antigens. Immune cell activation against the antigens causes severe distress that mediates a strong inflammatory response in vital organs. Sepsis is responsible for a high rat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/3/765 |
| _version_ | 1797613381249662976 |
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| author | Kusum Kharga Lokender Kumar Sanjay Kumar Singh Patel |
| author_facet | Kusum Kharga Lokender Kumar Sanjay Kumar Singh Patel |
| author_sort | Kusum Kharga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by an uncontrolled inflammatory response to an infectious agent and its antigens. Immune cell activation against the antigens causes severe distress that mediates a strong inflammatory response in vital organs. Sepsis is responsible for a high rate of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients. Monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based therapeutic strategies are now being explored as a viable therapy option for severe sepsis and septic shock. Monoclonal antibodies may provide benefits through two major strategies: (a) monoclonal antibodies targeting the pathogen and its components, and (b) mAbs targeting inflammatory signaling may directly suppress the production of inflammatory mediators. The major focus of mAb therapies has been bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), although other surface antigens are also being investigated for mAb therapy. Several promising candidates for mAbs are undergoing clinical trials at present. Despite several failures and the investigation of novel targets, mAb therapy provides a glimmer of hope for the treatment of severe bacterial sepsis and septic shock. In this review, mAb candidates, their efficacy against controlling infection, with special emphasis on potential roadblocks, and prospects are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:54:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f2819d95a852493eb7272c75a85f55dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:54:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-f2819d95a852493eb7272c75a85f55dd2023-11-17T09:45:17ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-03-0111376510.3390/biomedicines11030765Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody-Based Approaches in the Management of Bacterial SepsisKusum Kharga0Lokender Kumar1Sanjay Kumar Singh Patel2School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, IndiaSchool of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of KoreaSepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by an uncontrolled inflammatory response to an infectious agent and its antigens. Immune cell activation against the antigens causes severe distress that mediates a strong inflammatory response in vital organs. Sepsis is responsible for a high rate of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients. Monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based therapeutic strategies are now being explored as a viable therapy option for severe sepsis and septic shock. Monoclonal antibodies may provide benefits through two major strategies: (a) monoclonal antibodies targeting the pathogen and its components, and (b) mAbs targeting inflammatory signaling may directly suppress the production of inflammatory mediators. The major focus of mAb therapies has been bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), although other surface antigens are also being investigated for mAb therapy. Several promising candidates for mAbs are undergoing clinical trials at present. Despite several failures and the investigation of novel targets, mAb therapy provides a glimmer of hope for the treatment of severe bacterial sepsis and septic shock. In this review, mAb candidates, their efficacy against controlling infection, with special emphasis on potential roadblocks, and prospects are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/3/765monoclonal antibody therapysepsisseptic shockinflammationbacterial infection |
| spellingShingle | Kusum Kharga Lokender Kumar Sanjay Kumar Singh Patel Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody-Based Approaches in the Management of Bacterial Sepsis Biomedicines monoclonal antibody therapy sepsis septic shock inflammation bacterial infection |
| title | Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody-Based Approaches in the Management of Bacterial Sepsis |
| title_full | Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody-Based Approaches in the Management of Bacterial Sepsis |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody-Based Approaches in the Management of Bacterial Sepsis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody-Based Approaches in the Management of Bacterial Sepsis |
| title_short | Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody-Based Approaches in the Management of Bacterial Sepsis |
| title_sort | recent advances in monoclonal antibody based approaches in the management of bacterial sepsis |
| topic | monoclonal antibody therapy sepsis septic shock inflammation bacterial infection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/3/765 |
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