Lower-Limb Amputees Adjust Quiet Stance in Response to Manipulations of Plantar Sensation
Interfering with or temporarily eliminating foot-sole tactile sensations causes postural adjustments. Furthermore, individuals with impaired or missing foot-sole sensation, such as lower-limb amputees, exhibit greater postural instability than those with intact sensation. Our group has developed a m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.611926/full |
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| author | Courtney E. Shell Courtney E. Shell Breanne P. Christie Breanne P. Christie Breanne P. Christie Paul D. Marasco Paul D. Marasco Hamid Charkhkar Hamid Charkhkar Ronald J. Triolo Ronald J. Triolo |
| author_facet | Courtney E. Shell Courtney E. Shell Breanne P. Christie Breanne P. Christie Breanne P. Christie Paul D. Marasco Paul D. Marasco Hamid Charkhkar Hamid Charkhkar Ronald J. Triolo Ronald J. Triolo |
| author_sort | Courtney E. Shell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Interfering with or temporarily eliminating foot-sole tactile sensations causes postural adjustments. Furthermore, individuals with impaired or missing foot-sole sensation, such as lower-limb amputees, exhibit greater postural instability than those with intact sensation. Our group has developed a method of providing tactile feedback sensations projected to the missing foot of lower-limb amputees via electrical peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) using implanted nerve cuff electrodes. As a step toward effective implementation of the system in rehabilitation and everyday use, we compared postural adjustments made in response to tactile sensations on the missing foot elicited by our system, vibration on the intact foot-sole, and a control condition in which no additional sensory input was applied. Three transtibial amputees with at least a year of experience with tactile sensations provided by our PNS system participated in the study. Participants stood quietly with their eyes closed on their everyday prosthesis while electrically elicited, vibratory, or no additional sensory input was administered for 20 s. Early and steady-state postural adjustments were quantified by center of pressure location, path length, and average angle over the course of each trial. Electrically elicited tactile sensations and vibration both caused shifts in center of pressure location compared to the control condition. Initial (first 3 s) shifts in center of pressure location with electrically elicited or vibratory sensory inputs often differed from shifts measured over the full 20 s trial. Over the full trial, participants generally shifted toward the foot receiving additional sensory input, regardless of stimulation type. Similarities between responses to electrically elicited tactile sensations projected to the missing foot and responses to vibration in analogous regions on the intact foot suggest that the motor control system treats electrically elicited tactile inputs similarly to native tactile inputs. The ability of electrically elicited tactile inputs to cause postural adjustments suggests that these inputs are incorporated into sensorimotor control, despite arising from artificial nerve stimulation. These results are encouraging for application of neural stimulation in restoring missing sensory feedback after limb loss and suggest PNS could provide an alternate method to perturb foot-sole tactile information for investigating integration of tactile feedback with other sensory modalities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:01:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f28259a32dd54d8cabe7ce3a8b142815 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:01:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-f28259a32dd54d8cabe7ce3a8b1428152022-12-21T22:27:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2021-02-011510.3389/fnins.2021.611926611926Lower-Limb Amputees Adjust Quiet Stance in Response to Manipulations of Plantar SensationCourtney E. Shell0Courtney E. Shell1Breanne P. Christie2Breanne P. Christie3Breanne P. Christie4Paul D. Marasco5Paul D. Marasco6Hamid Charkhkar7Hamid Charkhkar8Ronald J. Triolo9Ronald J. Triolo10Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United StatesAdvanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United StatesAdvanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United StatesResearch and Exploratory Development Department, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United StatesAdvanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United StatesAdvanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United StatesAdvanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United StatesDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United StatesInterfering with or temporarily eliminating foot-sole tactile sensations causes postural adjustments. Furthermore, individuals with impaired or missing foot-sole sensation, such as lower-limb amputees, exhibit greater postural instability than those with intact sensation. Our group has developed a method of providing tactile feedback sensations projected to the missing foot of lower-limb amputees via electrical peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) using implanted nerve cuff electrodes. As a step toward effective implementation of the system in rehabilitation and everyday use, we compared postural adjustments made in response to tactile sensations on the missing foot elicited by our system, vibration on the intact foot-sole, and a control condition in which no additional sensory input was applied. Three transtibial amputees with at least a year of experience with tactile sensations provided by our PNS system participated in the study. Participants stood quietly with their eyes closed on their everyday prosthesis while electrically elicited, vibratory, or no additional sensory input was administered for 20 s. Early and steady-state postural adjustments were quantified by center of pressure location, path length, and average angle over the course of each trial. Electrically elicited tactile sensations and vibration both caused shifts in center of pressure location compared to the control condition. Initial (first 3 s) shifts in center of pressure location with electrically elicited or vibratory sensory inputs often differed from shifts measured over the full 20 s trial. Over the full trial, participants generally shifted toward the foot receiving additional sensory input, regardless of stimulation type. Similarities between responses to electrically elicited tactile sensations projected to the missing foot and responses to vibration in analogous regions on the intact foot suggest that the motor control system treats electrically elicited tactile inputs similarly to native tactile inputs. The ability of electrically elicited tactile inputs to cause postural adjustments suggests that these inputs are incorporated into sensorimotor control, despite arising from artificial nerve stimulation. These results are encouraging for application of neural stimulation in restoring missing sensory feedback after limb loss and suggest PNS could provide an alternate method to perturb foot-sole tactile information for investigating integration of tactile feedback with other sensory modalities.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.611926/fulltranstibial amputationperipheral nerve stimulationsensory feedbackstanding balancevibrationneuroprostheses |
| spellingShingle | Courtney E. Shell Courtney E. Shell Breanne P. Christie Breanne P. Christie Breanne P. Christie Paul D. Marasco Paul D. Marasco Hamid Charkhkar Hamid Charkhkar Ronald J. Triolo Ronald J. Triolo Lower-Limb Amputees Adjust Quiet Stance in Response to Manipulations of Plantar Sensation Frontiers in Neuroscience transtibial amputation peripheral nerve stimulation sensory feedback standing balance vibration neuroprostheses |
| title | Lower-Limb Amputees Adjust Quiet Stance in Response to Manipulations of Plantar Sensation |
| title_full | Lower-Limb Amputees Adjust Quiet Stance in Response to Manipulations of Plantar Sensation |
| title_fullStr | Lower-Limb Amputees Adjust Quiet Stance in Response to Manipulations of Plantar Sensation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lower-Limb Amputees Adjust Quiet Stance in Response to Manipulations of Plantar Sensation |
| title_short | Lower-Limb Amputees Adjust Quiet Stance in Response to Manipulations of Plantar Sensation |
| title_sort | lower limb amputees adjust quiet stance in response to manipulations of plantar sensation |
| topic | transtibial amputation peripheral nerve stimulation sensory feedback standing balance vibration neuroprostheses |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.611926/full |
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