Investigation of odor emissions from coating products: Key factors and key odorants
Coating products are widely used for the interior decoration of residential property. However, there is growing concern regarding their odor emissions and their impact on indoor air quality (IAQ). Most manufacturers and government agencies set odor intensity limits to control the odor of coating pro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1039842/full |
| _version_ | 1811226179617685504 |
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| author | Yipu Pei Ning Liu Shihua Liu Hongyan Guan Zhongbao Guo Qiannan Li Wei Han Hanmei Cai |
| author_facet | Yipu Pei Ning Liu Shihua Liu Hongyan Guan Zhongbao Guo Qiannan Li Wei Han Hanmei Cai |
| author_sort | Yipu Pei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coating products are widely used for the interior decoration of residential property. However, there is growing concern regarding their odor emissions and their impact on indoor air quality (IAQ). Most manufacturers and government agencies set odor intensity limits to control the odor of coating products, including their raw materials. However, it is difficult to determine product performance by means of their odor intensity index. Although evaluating odor intensity requires odor assessors to distinguish between different intensity levels, low consensus and reproducibility represent challenges that are difficult to avoid. As the odor concentration index only requires odor assessors to ascertain whether the odor is felt or not, the reproducibility of the evaluation results is relatively better. Moreover, suitable methodologies for determining odor concentrations in volatile coating product emissions have rarely been reported. Therefore, establishing an evaluation method for odor concentration of coating products and exploring its key influencing factors should bridge this gap. We examined the influence of the airbag material on the recovery rate of typical volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using direct injection by GC-MS and established that their adsorption effects were in the order: PET > PVF > PTFE. We then explored the influences of the sample curing and odor emission times on odor concentration. The solvent-based and water-based coatings reached equilibrium after 8 h and 16 h curing, respectively, and after 8 h and 12 h odor emission, respectively. The odor concentrations of real coating samples were measured and compared against their odor intensities. The odor concentration method more accurately and reliably discriminated coating products than the odor intensity approach. Thus, to assist manufacturers in improving coating formulations to reduce the odor impact of coating products, we used headspace gas chromatography to determine the odor substances in water- and solvent-based coatings and analyzed the odor contribution of various volatile compounds using the odor activity value (OAV) method. Butyl acetate, ethylbenzene, and 1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate were the key odorants in solvent-based coatings while 1-butanol, ethylbenzene, and butyl acetate were the key odorants in water-based coatings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:19:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f283ee65bdae44b586702ba8c1fedbc4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T09:19:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-f283ee65bdae44b586702ba8c1fedbc42022-12-22T03:38:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2022-10-011010.3389/fenvs.2022.10398421039842Investigation of odor emissions from coating products: Key factors and key odorantsYipu Pei0Ning Liu1Shihua Liu2Hongyan Guan3Zhongbao Guo4Qiannan Li5Wei Han6Hanmei Cai7China Building Material Test and Certification Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, ChinaInstitute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, ChinaChina Building Material Test and Certification Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, ChinaChina Building Material Test and Certification Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, ChinaChina Building Material Test and Certification Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, ChinaChina Building Material Test and Certification Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, ChinaChina Building Material Test and Certification Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, ChinaChina Building Material Test and Certification Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, ChinaCoating products are widely used for the interior decoration of residential property. However, there is growing concern regarding their odor emissions and their impact on indoor air quality (IAQ). Most manufacturers and government agencies set odor intensity limits to control the odor of coating products, including their raw materials. However, it is difficult to determine product performance by means of their odor intensity index. Although evaluating odor intensity requires odor assessors to distinguish between different intensity levels, low consensus and reproducibility represent challenges that are difficult to avoid. As the odor concentration index only requires odor assessors to ascertain whether the odor is felt or not, the reproducibility of the evaluation results is relatively better. Moreover, suitable methodologies for determining odor concentrations in volatile coating product emissions have rarely been reported. Therefore, establishing an evaluation method for odor concentration of coating products and exploring its key influencing factors should bridge this gap. We examined the influence of the airbag material on the recovery rate of typical volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using direct injection by GC-MS and established that their adsorption effects were in the order: PET > PVF > PTFE. We then explored the influences of the sample curing and odor emission times on odor concentration. The solvent-based and water-based coatings reached equilibrium after 8 h and 16 h curing, respectively, and after 8 h and 12 h odor emission, respectively. The odor concentrations of real coating samples were measured and compared against their odor intensities. The odor concentration method more accurately and reliably discriminated coating products than the odor intensity approach. Thus, to assist manufacturers in improving coating formulations to reduce the odor impact of coating products, we used headspace gas chromatography to determine the odor substances in water- and solvent-based coatings and analyzed the odor contribution of various volatile compounds using the odor activity value (OAV) method. Butyl acetate, ethylbenzene, and 1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate were the key odorants in solvent-based coatings while 1-butanol, ethylbenzene, and butyl acetate were the key odorants in water-based coatings.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1039842/fullairbagcoating productkey odorantodor activity valueodor concentration |
| spellingShingle | Yipu Pei Ning Liu Shihua Liu Hongyan Guan Zhongbao Guo Qiannan Li Wei Han Hanmei Cai Investigation of odor emissions from coating products: Key factors and key odorants Frontiers in Environmental Science airbag coating product key odorant odor activity value odor concentration |
| title | Investigation of odor emissions from coating products: Key factors and key odorants |
| title_full | Investigation of odor emissions from coating products: Key factors and key odorants |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of odor emissions from coating products: Key factors and key odorants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of odor emissions from coating products: Key factors and key odorants |
| title_short | Investigation of odor emissions from coating products: Key factors and key odorants |
| title_sort | investigation of odor emissions from coating products key factors and key odorants |
| topic | airbag coating product key odorant odor activity value odor concentration |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1039842/full |
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