Design and Application of Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks: A Review
The existing sub-6 GHz band is insufficient to support the bandwidth requirement of emerging data-rate-hungry applications and Internet of Things devices, requiring ultrareliable low latency communication (URLLC), thus making the migration to millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands inevitable. A notable disa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2436 |
| _version_ | 1797437814904717312 |
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| author | Fred Chimzi Okogbaa Qasim Zeeshan Ahmed Fahd Ahmed Khan Waqas Bin Abbas Fuhu Che Syed Ali Raza Zaidi Temitope Alade |
| author_facet | Fred Chimzi Okogbaa Qasim Zeeshan Ahmed Fahd Ahmed Khan Waqas Bin Abbas Fuhu Che Syed Ali Raza Zaidi Temitope Alade |
| author_sort | Fred Chimzi Okogbaa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The existing sub-6 GHz band is insufficient to support the bandwidth requirement of emerging data-rate-hungry applications and Internet of Things devices, requiring ultrareliable low latency communication (URLLC), thus making the migration to millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands inevitable. A notable disadvantage of a mmWave band is the significant losses suffered at higher frequencies that may not be overcome by novel optimization algorithms at the transmitter and receiver and thus result in a performance degradation. To address this, Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) is a new technology capable of transforming the wireless channel from a highly probabilistic to a highly deterministic channel and as a result, overcome the significant losses experienced in the mmWave band. This paper aims to survey the design and applications of an IRS, a 2-dimensional (2D) passive metasurface with the ability to control the wireless propagation channel and thus achieve better spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) to aid the fifth and beyond generation to deliver the required data rate to support current and emerging technologies. It is imperative that the future wireless technology evolves toward an intelligent software paradigm, and the IRS is expected to be a key enabler in achieving this task. This work provides a detailed survey of the IRS technology, limitations in the current research, and the related research opportunities and possible solutions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:28:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f286527cc7f6407c8d9d8bd5bb38bcde |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:28:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-f286527cc7f6407c8d9d8bd5bb38bcde2023-11-30T23:58:52ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-03-01227243610.3390/s22072436Design and Application of Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks: A ReviewFred Chimzi Okogbaa0Qasim Zeeshan Ahmed1Fahd Ahmed Khan2Waqas Bin Abbas3Fuhu Che4Syed Ali Raza Zaidi5Temitope Alade6School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UKSchool of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UKSchool of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, PakistanSchool of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UKSchool of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UKSchool of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKComputer Science at the Department of Computing and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UKThe existing sub-6 GHz band is insufficient to support the bandwidth requirement of emerging data-rate-hungry applications and Internet of Things devices, requiring ultrareliable low latency communication (URLLC), thus making the migration to millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands inevitable. A notable disadvantage of a mmWave band is the significant losses suffered at higher frequencies that may not be overcome by novel optimization algorithms at the transmitter and receiver and thus result in a performance degradation. To address this, Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) is a new technology capable of transforming the wireless channel from a highly probabilistic to a highly deterministic channel and as a result, overcome the significant losses experienced in the mmWave band. This paper aims to survey the design and applications of an IRS, a 2-dimensional (2D) passive metasurface with the ability to control the wireless propagation channel and thus achieve better spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) to aid the fifth and beyond generation to deliver the required data rate to support current and emerging technologies. It is imperative that the future wireless technology evolves toward an intelligent software paradigm, and the IRS is expected to be a key enabler in achieving this task. This work provides a detailed survey of the IRS technology, limitations in the current research, and the related research opportunities and possible solutions.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2436intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS)mmWave5G networksURLLCIoT |
| spellingShingle | Fred Chimzi Okogbaa Qasim Zeeshan Ahmed Fahd Ahmed Khan Waqas Bin Abbas Fuhu Che Syed Ali Raza Zaidi Temitope Alade Design and Application of Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks: A Review Sensors intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) mmWave 5G networks URLLC IoT |
| title | Design and Application of Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks: A Review |
| title_full | Design and Application of Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Design and Application of Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design and Application of Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks: A Review |
| title_short | Design and Application of Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) for Beyond 5G Wireless Networks: A Review |
| title_sort | design and application of intelligent reflecting surface irs for beyond 5g wireless networks a review |
| topic | intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) mmWave 5G networks URLLC IoT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2436 |
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