Interstitial lung disease: a review of classification, etiology, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) refer to a heterogeneous and complex group of conditions characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, or both, in the interstitium of the lungs. This results in impaired gas exchange, leading to a worsening of respiratory symptoms and a decline in lung function. While t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1296890/full |
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| author | Malik A. Althobiani Malik A. Althobiani Anne-Marie Russell Anne-Marie Russell Joseph Jacob Joseph Jacob Yatharth Ranjan Amos A. Folarin Amos A. Folarin Amos A. Folarin Amos A. Folarin John R. Hurst Joanna C. Porter |
| author_facet | Malik A. Althobiani Malik A. Althobiani Anne-Marie Russell Anne-Marie Russell Joseph Jacob Joseph Jacob Yatharth Ranjan Amos A. Folarin Amos A. Folarin Amos A. Folarin Amos A. Folarin John R. Hurst Joanna C. Porter |
| author_sort | Malik A. Althobiani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) refer to a heterogeneous and complex group of conditions characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, or both, in the interstitium of the lungs. This results in impaired gas exchange, leading to a worsening of respiratory symptoms and a decline in lung function. While the etiology of some ILDs is unclear, most cases can be traced back to factors such as genetic predispositions, environmental exposures (including allergens, toxins, and air pollution), underlying autoimmune diseases, or the use of certain medications. There has been an increase in research and evidence aimed at identifying etiology, understanding epidemiology, improving clinical diagnosis, and developing both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in the field of interstitial lung diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T07:57:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f28a88a69cf94dfda5f04eac6270adb6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T07:57:45Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-f28a88a69cf94dfda5f04eac6270adb62024-04-18T05:11:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2024-04-011110.3389/fmed.2024.12968901296890Interstitial lung disease: a review of classification, etiology, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatmentMalik A. Althobiani0Malik A. Althobiani1Anne-Marie Russell2Anne-Marie Russell3Joseph Jacob4Joseph Jacob5Yatharth Ranjan6Amos A. Folarin7Amos A. Folarin8Amos A. Folarin9Amos A. Folarin10John R. Hurst11Joanna C. Porter12Royal Free Campus, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United KingdomDepartment of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Health and Care Professions, University of Exeter, Exeter, United KingdomSchool of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United KingdomUCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United KingdomSatsuma Lab, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London Respiratory, University College London, London, United KingdomInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United KingdomInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United KingdomNIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, United KingdomInstitute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom0NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London, United KingdomRoyal Free Campus, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United KingdomUCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United KingdomInterstitial lung diseases (ILDs) refer to a heterogeneous and complex group of conditions characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, or both, in the interstitium of the lungs. This results in impaired gas exchange, leading to a worsening of respiratory symptoms and a decline in lung function. While the etiology of some ILDs is unclear, most cases can be traced back to factors such as genetic predispositions, environmental exposures (including allergens, toxins, and air pollution), underlying autoimmune diseases, or the use of certain medications. There has been an increase in research and evidence aimed at identifying etiology, understanding epidemiology, improving clinical diagnosis, and developing both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in the field of interstitial lung diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1296890/fullinterstitial lung diseaseidiopathic pulmonary fibrosissarcoidosishypersensitivity pneumonitisnonspecific interstitial pneumonia |
| spellingShingle | Malik A. Althobiani Malik A. Althobiani Anne-Marie Russell Anne-Marie Russell Joseph Jacob Joseph Jacob Yatharth Ranjan Amos A. Folarin Amos A. Folarin Amos A. Folarin Amos A. Folarin John R. Hurst Joanna C. Porter Interstitial lung disease: a review of classification, etiology, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment Frontiers in Medicine interstitial lung disease idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis sarcoidosis hypersensitivity pneumonitis nonspecific interstitial pneumonia |
| title | Interstitial lung disease: a review of classification, etiology, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment |
| title_full | Interstitial lung disease: a review of classification, etiology, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment |
| title_fullStr | Interstitial lung disease: a review of classification, etiology, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interstitial lung disease: a review of classification, etiology, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment |
| title_short | Interstitial lung disease: a review of classification, etiology, epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment |
| title_sort | interstitial lung disease a review of classification etiology epidemiology clinical diagnosis pharmacological and non pharmacological treatment |
| topic | interstitial lung disease idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis sarcoidosis hypersensitivity pneumonitis nonspecific interstitial pneumonia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1296890/full |
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