Optic-Fiber-Based Optogenetic Stimulator With μLED and 3D-Printed Structures for Brain Stimulation
Optogenetics is an advanced neural stimulation technique with high spatiotemporal precision. Various stimulation devices have been developed using microfabrication techniques to deliver light to specific population of neurons. However, traditional microfabrication techniques rely on clean room facil...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2024-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10474009/ |
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| author | Keonghwan Oh Mohsin Mohammed Revathi Sukesan Aleksa Petkovic Dipesh Chaudhury Sohmyung Ha |
| author_facet | Keonghwan Oh Mohsin Mohammed Revathi Sukesan Aleksa Petkovic Dipesh Chaudhury Sohmyung Ha |
| author_sort | Keonghwan Oh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optogenetics is an advanced neural stimulation technique with high spatiotemporal precision. Various stimulation devices have been developed using microfabrication techniques to deliver light to specific population of neurons. However, traditional microfabrication techniques rely on clean room facilities, making the overall manufacturing process long and cumbersome. In this paper, we present an optical neural stimulator using an optical fiber coupled with a micro-sized light-emitting diode (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>LED) for neuromodulation. The proposed system utilizes a 3D-printed mount to hold and couple the optical fiber with the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>LED which is also placed on a 3D-printed substrate with micrometer-sized conductive wires for electrical connection. As such, the proposed device fabrication and assembly steps are simple but efficient without using any semiconductor fabrication processes. In addition, the stimulation depth can be easily customized from the depth for the cortex to that of deep brain structures by simply cleaving the fiber with the desired length and integrating it with the mount. Electrical, optical, and thermal properties of the fabricated device are evaluated experimentally. The validation shows that the device can generate enough intensity light on the tip under a low-temperature change for the safety of the brain tissue. For validation of the device’s efficacy, the stimulator is implanted in the motor cortex of mice and is used to modulate the subject’s motor behaviors. The experiments show that there is an increase in the velocity of mice’s movement during the optical stimulation of the motor cortex. These results prove that the proposed device can successfully modulate the target neurons in the cortex. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:39:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f2964980cda042de9c0a78670edb78b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:39:04Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-f2964980cda042de9c0a78670edb78b72024-04-02T23:00:42ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362024-01-0112463194632810.1109/ACCESS.2024.337858110474009Optic-Fiber-Based Optogenetic Stimulator With μLED and 3D-Printed Structures for Brain StimulationKeonghwan Oh0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7826-0345Mohsin Mohammed1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1154-6511Revathi Sukesan2Aleksa Petkovic3https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3864-0986Dipesh Chaudhury4Sohmyung Ha5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-086XTandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USADivision of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesTandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USADivision of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesDivision of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesTandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USAOptogenetics is an advanced neural stimulation technique with high spatiotemporal precision. Various stimulation devices have been developed using microfabrication techniques to deliver light to specific population of neurons. However, traditional microfabrication techniques rely on clean room facilities, making the overall manufacturing process long and cumbersome. In this paper, we present an optical neural stimulator using an optical fiber coupled with a micro-sized light-emitting diode (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>LED) for neuromodulation. The proposed system utilizes a 3D-printed mount to hold and couple the optical fiber with the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>LED which is also placed on a 3D-printed substrate with micrometer-sized conductive wires for electrical connection. As such, the proposed device fabrication and assembly steps are simple but efficient without using any semiconductor fabrication processes. In addition, the stimulation depth can be easily customized from the depth for the cortex to that of deep brain structures by simply cleaving the fiber with the desired length and integrating it with the mount. Electrical, optical, and thermal properties of the fabricated device are evaluated experimentally. The validation shows that the device can generate enough intensity light on the tip under a low-temperature change for the safety of the brain tissue. For validation of the device’s efficacy, the stimulator is implanted in the motor cortex of mice and is used to modulate the subject’s motor behaviors. The experiments show that there is an increase in the velocity of mice’s movement during the optical stimulation of the motor cortex. These results prove that the proposed device can successfully modulate the target neurons in the cortex.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10474009/Optogeneticsoptical waveguidesbrain stimulationimplantable devices3d printing |
| spellingShingle | Keonghwan Oh Mohsin Mohammed Revathi Sukesan Aleksa Petkovic Dipesh Chaudhury Sohmyung Ha Optic-Fiber-Based Optogenetic Stimulator With μLED and 3D-Printed Structures for Brain Stimulation IEEE Access Optogenetics optical waveguides brain stimulation implantable devices 3d printing |
| title | Optic-Fiber-Based Optogenetic Stimulator With μLED and 3D-Printed Structures for Brain Stimulation |
| title_full | Optic-Fiber-Based Optogenetic Stimulator With μLED and 3D-Printed Structures for Brain Stimulation |
| title_fullStr | Optic-Fiber-Based Optogenetic Stimulator With μLED and 3D-Printed Structures for Brain Stimulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optic-Fiber-Based Optogenetic Stimulator With μLED and 3D-Printed Structures for Brain Stimulation |
| title_short | Optic-Fiber-Based Optogenetic Stimulator With μLED and 3D-Printed Structures for Brain Stimulation |
| title_sort | optic fiber based optogenetic stimulator with x03bc led and 3d printed structures for brain stimulation |
| topic | Optogenetics optical waveguides brain stimulation implantable devices 3d printing |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10474009/ |
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