Projecting Climate and Land Use Change Impacts on Actual Evapotranspiration for the Narmada River Basin in Central India in the Future
Assessment of actual evapotranspiration (ET) is essential as it controls the exchange of water and heat energy between the atmosphere and land surface. ET also influences the available water resources and assists in the crop water assessment in agricultural areas. This study involves the assessment...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/4/578 |
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| author | Sananda Kundu Arun Mondal Deepak Khare Christopher Hain Venkat Lakshmi |
| author_facet | Sananda Kundu Arun Mondal Deepak Khare Christopher Hain Venkat Lakshmi |
| author_sort | Sananda Kundu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Assessment of actual evapotranspiration (ET) is essential as it controls the exchange of water and heat energy between the atmosphere and land surface. ET also influences the available water resources and assists in the crop water assessment in agricultural areas. This study involves the assessment of spatial distribution of seasonal and annual ET using Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) and provides an estimation of future changes in ET due to land use and climate change for a portion of the Narmada river basin in Central India. Climate change effects on future ET are assessed using the ACCESS1-0 model of CMIP5. A Markov Chain model estimated future land use based on the probability of changes in the past. The ET analysis is carried out for the years 2009–2011. The results indicate variation in the seasonal ET with the changed land use. High ET is observed over forest areas and crop lands, but ET decreases over crop lands after harvest. The overall annual ET is high over water bodies and forest areas. ET is high in the premonsoon season over the water bodies and decreases in the winter. Future ET in the 2020s, 2030s, 2040s, and 2050s is shown with respect to land use and climate changes that project a gradual decrease due to the constant removal of the forest areas. The lowest ET is projected in 2050. Individual impact of land use change projects decreases in ET from 1990 to 2050, while climate change effect projects increases in ET in the future due to rises in temperature. However, the combined impacts of land use and climate changes indicate a decrease in ET in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T10:47:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f2a379d0ecb849b8811c95adb75a09f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T10:47:37Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-f2a379d0ecb849b8811c95adb75a09f12022-12-21T23:50:05ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922018-04-0110457810.3390/rs10040578rs10040578Projecting Climate and Land Use Change Impacts on Actual Evapotranspiration for the Narmada River Basin in Central India in the FutureSananda Kundu0Arun Mondal1Deepak Khare2Christopher Hain3Venkat Lakshmi4School of Earth, Ocean and the Environment, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USASchool of Earth, Ocean and the Environment, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USADepartment of Water Resources Development and Management, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, IndiaNASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Earth Science Branch, Huntsville, AL 35805, USASchool of Earth, Ocean and the Environment, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USAAssessment of actual evapotranspiration (ET) is essential as it controls the exchange of water and heat energy between the atmosphere and land surface. ET also influences the available water resources and assists in the crop water assessment in agricultural areas. This study involves the assessment of spatial distribution of seasonal and annual ET using Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) and provides an estimation of future changes in ET due to land use and climate change for a portion of the Narmada river basin in Central India. Climate change effects on future ET are assessed using the ACCESS1-0 model of CMIP5. A Markov Chain model estimated future land use based on the probability of changes in the past. The ET analysis is carried out for the years 2009–2011. The results indicate variation in the seasonal ET with the changed land use. High ET is observed over forest areas and crop lands, but ET decreases over crop lands after harvest. The overall annual ET is high over water bodies and forest areas. ET is high in the premonsoon season over the water bodies and decreases in the winter. Future ET in the 2020s, 2030s, 2040s, and 2050s is shown with respect to land use and climate changes that project a gradual decrease due to the constant removal of the forest areas. The lowest ET is projected in 2050. Individual impact of land use change projects decreases in ET from 1990 to 2050, while climate change effect projects increases in ET in the future due to rises in temperature. However, the combined impacts of land use and climate changes indicate a decrease in ET in the future.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/4/578actual ETSEBALland use changeMarkov Chain modelclimate changeCMIP5Central India |
| spellingShingle | Sananda Kundu Arun Mondal Deepak Khare Christopher Hain Venkat Lakshmi Projecting Climate and Land Use Change Impacts on Actual Evapotranspiration for the Narmada River Basin in Central India in the Future Remote Sensing actual ET SEBAL land use change Markov Chain model climate change CMIP5 Central India |
| title | Projecting Climate and Land Use Change Impacts on Actual Evapotranspiration for the Narmada River Basin in Central India in the Future |
| title_full | Projecting Climate and Land Use Change Impacts on Actual Evapotranspiration for the Narmada River Basin in Central India in the Future |
| title_fullStr | Projecting Climate and Land Use Change Impacts on Actual Evapotranspiration for the Narmada River Basin in Central India in the Future |
| title_full_unstemmed | Projecting Climate and Land Use Change Impacts on Actual Evapotranspiration for the Narmada River Basin in Central India in the Future |
| title_short | Projecting Climate and Land Use Change Impacts on Actual Evapotranspiration for the Narmada River Basin in Central India in the Future |
| title_sort | projecting climate and land use change impacts on actual evapotranspiration for the narmada river basin in central india in the future |
| topic | actual ET SEBAL land use change Markov Chain model climate change CMIP5 Central India |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/4/578 |
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