Evaluation of Interferon-Gamma Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor in Feline Infectious Peritonitis Development in Non-Pedigree Cats—A Large Cohort Study
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a common infectious cause of death in cats, with heritable host factors associated with altered risk of disease. To assess the role of feline interferon-gamma gene (<i>fIFNG</i>) variants in this risk, the allele frequencies of two single nucleotide...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/7/535 |
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| author | Emi N. Barker Philippa Lait Lorenzo Ressel Emily-Jayne Blackwell Séverine Tasker Helen Kedward-Dixon Anja Kipar Christopher R. Helps |
| author_facet | Emi N. Barker Philippa Lait Lorenzo Ressel Emily-Jayne Blackwell Séverine Tasker Helen Kedward-Dixon Anja Kipar Christopher R. Helps |
| author_sort | Emi N. Barker |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a common infectious cause of death in cats, with heritable host factors associated with altered risk of disease. To assess the role of feline interferon-gamma gene (<i>fIFNG</i>) variants in this risk, the allele frequencies of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (g.401 and g.408) were determined for non-pedigree cats either with confirmed FIP (<i>n</i> = 59) or from the general population (cats enrolled in a large lifetime longitudinal study; <i>n</i> = 264). DNA was extracted from buccal swabs or tissue samples. A pyrosequencing assay to characterize the <i>fIFNG</i> SNPs was designed, optimized and subsequently performed on all samples. Genotype and allele frequency were calculated for each population. Characterization of the target SNPs was possible for 56 of the cats with FIP and 263 of the cats from the general population. The SNPs were in complete linkage disequilibrium with each other. There was an association between FIP status and genotype (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>; <i>p</i> = 0.028), with a reduced risk of developing FIP (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>; <i>p</i> = 0.0077) associated with the genotype TT at both positions. These results indicate that, although <i>fIFNG</i> variants may be associated with altered risk of disease, the prevalence of individual variants within both populations limits application of their characterization to breeding purposes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:43:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f2b82b1b6cae46d79c939ac158e25227 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:43:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-f2b82b1b6cae46d79c939ac158e252272023-11-20T05:43:15ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172020-07-019753510.3390/pathogens9070535Evaluation of Interferon-Gamma Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor in Feline Infectious Peritonitis Development in Non-Pedigree Cats—A Large Cohort StudyEmi N. Barker0Philippa Lait1Lorenzo Ressel2Emily-Jayne Blackwell3Séverine Tasker4Helen Kedward-Dixon5Anja Kipar6Christopher R. Helps7Langford Vets, University of Bristol, Langford BS40 5DU, UKLangford Vets, University of Bristol, Langford BS40 5DU, UKDepartment of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UKBristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford BS40 5DU, UKBristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford BS40 5DU, UKCirca Healthcare, 116 Dundas Street, Edinburgh EH3 5DQ, UKInstitute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandLangford Vets, University of Bristol, Langford BS40 5DU, UKFeline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a common infectious cause of death in cats, with heritable host factors associated with altered risk of disease. To assess the role of feline interferon-gamma gene (<i>fIFNG</i>) variants in this risk, the allele frequencies of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (g.401 and g.408) were determined for non-pedigree cats either with confirmed FIP (<i>n</i> = 59) or from the general population (cats enrolled in a large lifetime longitudinal study; <i>n</i> = 264). DNA was extracted from buccal swabs or tissue samples. A pyrosequencing assay to characterize the <i>fIFNG</i> SNPs was designed, optimized and subsequently performed on all samples. Genotype and allele frequency were calculated for each population. Characterization of the target SNPs was possible for 56 of the cats with FIP and 263 of the cats from the general population. The SNPs were in complete linkage disequilibrium with each other. There was an association between FIP status and genotype (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>; <i>p</i> = 0.028), with a reduced risk of developing FIP (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>; <i>p</i> = 0.0077) associated with the genotype TT at both positions. These results indicate that, although <i>fIFNG</i> variants may be associated with altered risk of disease, the prevalence of individual variants within both populations limits application of their characterization to breeding purposes.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/7/535cohort studyfeline coronavirusgamma interferongenetic risk factorpyrosequencing |
| spellingShingle | Emi N. Barker Philippa Lait Lorenzo Ressel Emily-Jayne Blackwell Séverine Tasker Helen Kedward-Dixon Anja Kipar Christopher R. Helps Evaluation of Interferon-Gamma Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor in Feline Infectious Peritonitis Development in Non-Pedigree Cats—A Large Cohort Study Pathogens cohort study feline coronavirus gamma interferon genetic risk factor pyrosequencing |
| title | Evaluation of Interferon-Gamma Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor in Feline Infectious Peritonitis Development in Non-Pedigree Cats—A Large Cohort Study |
| title_full | Evaluation of Interferon-Gamma Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor in Feline Infectious Peritonitis Development in Non-Pedigree Cats—A Large Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Interferon-Gamma Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor in Feline Infectious Peritonitis Development in Non-Pedigree Cats—A Large Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Interferon-Gamma Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor in Feline Infectious Peritonitis Development in Non-Pedigree Cats—A Large Cohort Study |
| title_short | Evaluation of Interferon-Gamma Polymorphisms as a Risk Factor in Feline Infectious Peritonitis Development in Non-Pedigree Cats—A Large Cohort Study |
| title_sort | evaluation of interferon gamma polymorphisms as a risk factor in feline infectious peritonitis development in non pedigree cats a large cohort study |
| topic | cohort study feline coronavirus gamma interferon genetic risk factor pyrosequencing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/7/535 |
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