Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
Background: Night shift work is associated with sleep disturbances, obesity, and cardiometabolic diseases. Disruption of the circadian clock system has been suggested to be an independent cause of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in shift workers. We aimed to improve alignment of circadian...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Pharmacological Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661823003675 |
| _version_ | 1797430092774768640 |
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| author | Juliane Hannemann Anika Laing Benita Middleton Edzard Schwedhelm Nikolaus Marx Massimo Federici Mariola Kastner Debra J. Skene Rainer Böger |
| author_facet | Juliane Hannemann Anika Laing Benita Middleton Edzard Schwedhelm Nikolaus Marx Massimo Federici Mariola Kastner Debra J. Skene Rainer Böger |
| author_sort | Juliane Hannemann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Night shift work is associated with sleep disturbances, obesity, and cardiometabolic diseases. Disruption of the circadian clock system has been suggested to be an independent cause of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in shift workers. We aimed to improve alignment of circadian timing with social and environmental factors with administration of melatonin. Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled, prospective study, we analysed the effects of 2 mg of sustained-release melatonin versus placebo on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance indices, sleep quality, circadian profiles of plasma melatonin and cortisol, and diurnal blood pressure profiles in 24 rotating night shift workers during 12 weeks of treatment, followed by 12 weeks of wash-out. In a novel design, the time of melatonin administration (at night or in the morning) depended upon the shift schedule. We also compared the baseline profiles of the night shift (NS) workers with 12 healthy non-night shift (NNS)-working controls. Results: We found significantly impaired indices of insulin resistance at baseline in NS versus NNS (p < 0.05), but no differences in oral glucose tolerance tests nor in the diurnal profiles of melatonin, cortisol, or blood pressure. Twelve weeks of melatonin treatment did not significantly improve insulin resistance, nor did it significantly affect diurnal blood pressure or melatonin and cortisol profiles. Melatonin administration, however, caused a significant improvement in sleep quality which was significantly impaired in NS versus NNS at baseline (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Rotating night shift work causes mild-to-moderate impairment of sleep quality and insulin resistance. Melatonin treatment at bedtime improves sleep quality, but does not significantly affect insulin resistance in rotating night shift workers after 12 weeks of administration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:22:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f2bd3e984fb94d8ab3370c4ffe1d0116 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1096-1186 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:22:39Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmacological Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-f2bd3e984fb94d8ab3370c4ffe1d01162023-12-02T06:58:52ZengElsevierPharmacological Research1096-11862024-01-01199107011Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studyJuliane Hannemann0Anika Laing1Benita Middleton2Edzard Schwedhelm3Nikolaus Marx4Massimo Federici5Mariola Kastner6Debra J. Skene7Rainer Böger8Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyChronobiology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, England, UKInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyDepartment of Cardiology, University Medical Center Aachen, Aachen, Germany,Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, ItalyInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyChronobiology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, England, UKInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Correspondence to: Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.Background: Night shift work is associated with sleep disturbances, obesity, and cardiometabolic diseases. Disruption of the circadian clock system has been suggested to be an independent cause of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in shift workers. We aimed to improve alignment of circadian timing with social and environmental factors with administration of melatonin. Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled, prospective study, we analysed the effects of 2 mg of sustained-release melatonin versus placebo on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance indices, sleep quality, circadian profiles of plasma melatonin and cortisol, and diurnal blood pressure profiles in 24 rotating night shift workers during 12 weeks of treatment, followed by 12 weeks of wash-out. In a novel design, the time of melatonin administration (at night or in the morning) depended upon the shift schedule. We also compared the baseline profiles of the night shift (NS) workers with 12 healthy non-night shift (NNS)-working controls. Results: We found significantly impaired indices of insulin resistance at baseline in NS versus NNS (p < 0.05), but no differences in oral glucose tolerance tests nor in the diurnal profiles of melatonin, cortisol, or blood pressure. Twelve weeks of melatonin treatment did not significantly improve insulin resistance, nor did it significantly affect diurnal blood pressure or melatonin and cortisol profiles. Melatonin administration, however, caused a significant improvement in sleep quality which was significantly impaired in NS versus NNS at baseline (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Rotating night shift work causes mild-to-moderate impairment of sleep quality and insulin resistance. Melatonin treatment at bedtime improves sleep quality, but does not significantly affect insulin resistance in rotating night shift workers after 12 weeks of administration.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661823003675Type 2 diabetes mellitusCircadian rhythmCardiometabolic riskDiurnal rhythm24- hour blood pressure |
| spellingShingle | Juliane Hannemann Anika Laing Benita Middleton Edzard Schwedhelm Nikolaus Marx Massimo Federici Mariola Kastner Debra J. Skene Rainer Böger Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study Pharmacological Research Type 2 diabetes mellitus Circadian rhythm Cardiometabolic risk Diurnal rhythm 24- hour blood pressure |
| title | Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study |
| title_full | Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study |
| title_short | Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study |
| title_sort | effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers a double blind randomized placebo controlled study |
| topic | Type 2 diabetes mellitus Circadian rhythm Cardiometabolic risk Diurnal rhythm 24- hour blood pressure |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661823003675 |
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