Effect of erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of two types of laser irradiation (erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet [Er,Cr:YSGG] and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet [Er:YAG]) and acid etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength (SBS) of o...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Contemporary Clinical Dentistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.contempclindent.org/article.asp?issn=0976-237X;year=2019;volume=10;issue=2;spage=263;epage=268;aulast=Mollabashi |
| _version_ | 1818142497443938304 |
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| author | Vahid Mollabashi Loghman Rezaei-Soufi Maryam Farhadian Ali Reza Noorani |
| author_facet | Vahid Mollabashi Loghman Rezaei-Soufi Maryam Farhadian Ali Reza Noorani |
| author_sort | Vahid Mollabashi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of two types of laser irradiation (erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet [Er,Cr:YSGG] and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet [Er:YAG]) and acid etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic bracketsastry. Materials and Methods: Ninety premolars were selected, scaled, and polished with no fluoridated pumice, and metal brackets were bonded to them. Then, they were randomly allocated to three groups based on the etching procedure: phosphoric acid etching, Er:YAG (100 mJ, 10 Hz) laser etching, and Er,Cr:YSGG (600 mJ, 20 Hz) laser etching. Teeth to be evaluated for demineralization and SBS were exposed to pH and thermal cycling, respectively. For SBS test, a universal testing machine was used, and adhesive remnant was index scored after debonding. Microhardness of enamel was evaluated with Vickers test. Data were analyzed statistically (α = 0.05). Results: The acid-etched group exhibited significantly higher SBS values compared to the laser groups (P < 0.05); however, the difference between the Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser groups was not significant. Microhardness mean values in descending order were as follows: Er,Cr:YSGG, Er:YAG, and acid etched. There were significant differences between the laser and control groups (P < 0.001); however, the difference between the two laser groups was not significant (P = 0.320). There were no significant differences between the three groups in adhesive remnant index scores. Conclusion: Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser etching resulted in clinically acceptable SBS; therefore, apart from its other advantages over acid etching, it can be a good appropriate alternative for bonding of orthodontic brackets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T11:16:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-f2bddcf6a4314ea69b75cdd5fa2c85da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0976-237X 0976-2361 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T11:16:43Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Contemporary Clinical Dentistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-f2bddcf6a4314ea69b75cdd5fa2c85da2022-12-22T01:09:19ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsContemporary Clinical Dentistry0976-237X0976-23612019-01-0110226326810.4103/ccd.ccd_495_18Effect of erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength of orthodontic bracketsVahid MollabashiLoghman Rezaei-SoufiMaryam FarhadianAli Reza NooraniObjective: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of two types of laser irradiation (erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet [Er,Cr:YSGG] and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet [Er:YAG]) and acid etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic bracketsastry. Materials and Methods: Ninety premolars were selected, scaled, and polished with no fluoridated pumice, and metal brackets were bonded to them. Then, they were randomly allocated to three groups based on the etching procedure: phosphoric acid etching, Er:YAG (100 mJ, 10 Hz) laser etching, and Er,Cr:YSGG (600 mJ, 20 Hz) laser etching. Teeth to be evaluated for demineralization and SBS were exposed to pH and thermal cycling, respectively. For SBS test, a universal testing machine was used, and adhesive remnant was index scored after debonding. Microhardness of enamel was evaluated with Vickers test. Data were analyzed statistically (α = 0.05). Results: The acid-etched group exhibited significantly higher SBS values compared to the laser groups (P < 0.05); however, the difference between the Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser groups was not significant. Microhardness mean values in descending order were as follows: Er,Cr:YSGG, Er:YAG, and acid etched. There were significant differences between the laser and control groups (P < 0.001); however, the difference between the two laser groups was not significant (P = 0.320). There were no significant differences between the three groups in adhesive remnant index scores. Conclusion: Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser etching resulted in clinically acceptable SBS; therefore, apart from its other advantages over acid etching, it can be a good appropriate alternative for bonding of orthodontic brackets.http://www.contempclindent.org/article.asp?issn=0976-237X;year=2019;volume=10;issue=2;spage=263;epage=268;aulast=Mollabashilasersorthodontic bracketshear strengthsolid statetooth demineralization |
| spellingShingle | Vahid Mollabashi Loghman Rezaei-Soufi Maryam Farhadian Ali Reza Noorani Effect of erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets Contemporary Clinical Dentistry lasers orthodontic bracket shear strength solid state tooth demineralization |
| title | Effect of erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets |
| title_full | Effect of erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets |
| title_fullStr | Effect of erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets |
| title_short | Effect of erbium, chromium-doped: yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet and erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets |
| title_sort | effect of erbium chromium doped yttrium scandium gallium and garnet and erbium yttrium aluminum garnet laser etching on enamel demineralization and shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets |
| topic | lasers orthodontic bracket shear strength solid state tooth demineralization |
| url | http://www.contempclindent.org/article.asp?issn=0976-237X;year=2019;volume=10;issue=2;spage=263;epage=268;aulast=Mollabashi |
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