Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Status and Alleviates Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis in the Intestine of Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge
Tryptophan can alleviate stress and improve intestinal health, but the precise mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the effects of tryptophan supplementation on antioxidant status, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, and pyroptosis signaling pa...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/5/872 |
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| author | Guangmang Liu Jingyuan Tao Jiajia Lu Gang Jia Hua Zhao Xiaoling Chen Gang Tian Jingyi Cai Ruinan Zhang Jing Wang |
| author_facet | Guangmang Liu Jingyuan Tao Jiajia Lu Gang Jia Hua Zhao Xiaoling Chen Gang Tian Jingyi Cai Ruinan Zhang Jing Wang |
| author_sort | Guangmang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tryptophan can alleviate stress and improve intestinal health, but the precise mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the effects of tryptophan supplementation on antioxidant status, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, and pyroptosis signaling pathway in the intestine of piglets after <i>Escherichia coli</i> lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Thirty-two weaning piglets were allotted to four treatments including: non-challenged control, LPS-challenged control, LPS + 0.2% tryptophan and LPS + 0.4% tryptophan. On day 35 of feeding, piglets were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μg/kg of body weight LPS or saline. Among the LPS-challenged pigs, tryptophan supplementation improved intestinal morphology as indicated by greater villus height, villus area and smaller crypt depth, and antioxidant status, and decreased the mRNA expression and concentration of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, tryptophan downregulated the expression of ER stress (ER oxidoreductase-1α, ER oxidoreductase-1β, glucose-regulated protein-78, activating transcription factor 6, C/EBP homologous protein), apoptosis (B-cell lymphoma-2, BCL2-associated X protein, caspase 3), and pyroptosis signaling pathway (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3, caspase 1, gasdermin-D, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD). Collectively, tryptophan supplementation can contribute to gut health by improving antioxidant status and alleviating inflammation, ER stress, apoptosis, and pyroptosis in the intestine of piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:52Z |
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| id | doaj.art-f2cbf955c1be45a0834d439067cdf841 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-f2cbf955c1be45a0834d439067cdf8412023-11-23T09:51:03ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212022-04-0111587210.3390/antiox11050872Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Status and Alleviates Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis in the Intestine of Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide ChallengeGuangmang Liu0Jingyuan Tao1Jiajia Lu2Gang Jia3Hua Zhao4Xiaoling Chen5Gang Tian6Jingyi Cai7Ruinan Zhang8Jing Wang9Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaMaize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaTryptophan can alleviate stress and improve intestinal health, but the precise mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the effects of tryptophan supplementation on antioxidant status, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, and pyroptosis signaling pathway in the intestine of piglets after <i>Escherichia coli</i> lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Thirty-two weaning piglets were allotted to four treatments including: non-challenged control, LPS-challenged control, LPS + 0.2% tryptophan and LPS + 0.4% tryptophan. On day 35 of feeding, piglets were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μg/kg of body weight LPS or saline. Among the LPS-challenged pigs, tryptophan supplementation improved intestinal morphology as indicated by greater villus height, villus area and smaller crypt depth, and antioxidant status, and decreased the mRNA expression and concentration of proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, tryptophan downregulated the expression of ER stress (ER oxidoreductase-1α, ER oxidoreductase-1β, glucose-regulated protein-78, activating transcription factor 6, C/EBP homologous protein), apoptosis (B-cell lymphoma-2, BCL2-associated X protein, caspase 3), and pyroptosis signaling pathway (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3, caspase 1, gasdermin-D, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD). Collectively, tryptophan supplementation can contribute to gut health by improving antioxidant status and alleviating inflammation, ER stress, apoptosis, and pyroptosis in the intestine of piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/5/872tryptophanantioxidant statusendoplasmic reticulum stressapoptosispyroptosispig |
| spellingShingle | Guangmang Liu Jingyuan Tao Jiajia Lu Gang Jia Hua Zhao Xiaoling Chen Gang Tian Jingyi Cai Ruinan Zhang Jing Wang Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Status and Alleviates Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis in the Intestine of Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge Antioxidants tryptophan antioxidant status endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis pyroptosis pig |
| title | Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Status and Alleviates Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis in the Intestine of Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge |
| title_full | Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Status and Alleviates Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis in the Intestine of Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Status and Alleviates Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis in the Intestine of Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Status and Alleviates Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis in the Intestine of Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge |
| title_short | Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Improves Antioxidant Status and Alleviates Inflammation, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Apoptosis, and Pyroptosis in the Intestine of Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge |
| title_sort | dietary tryptophan supplementation improves antioxidant status and alleviates inflammation endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis and pyroptosis in the intestine of piglets after lipopolysaccharide challenge |
| topic | tryptophan antioxidant status endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis pyroptosis pig |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/5/872 |
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