Correlation of Neurocortical Atrophy Scores on Imaging with Mini-Mental Status Examination
Introduction: The term “Cognitive impairment” is used for decline of memory and behaviour, depicting its progressive nature, of which the most common cause is Alzheimer’s followed by vascular injury. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) together have an esta...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Pvt. Ltd.
2021-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijars.net/articles/PDF/2618/45463_031120_45463_CE[Ra1]_F(KM)_PF1(ShG_SHU)_PN(KM).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: The term “Cognitive impairment” is used for
decline of memory and behaviour, depicting its progressive
nature, of which the most common cause is Alzheimer’s
followed by vascular injury. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) together have an
established role to identify aetiology and also to distinguish
normal ageing from demented patients. Final diagnosis by
brain biopsy is an invasive method, hence structural MRI
scores are used to differentiate and characterise the course
and prognosis of disease.
Aim: This study was done to correlate the various imaging
scores of dementia like Schelten’s, Davies-Mattis-Kipps,
Fazekas, Pasquier and Koedam scores with the severity of
cognitive impairment on MMSE scores.
Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study done
on 100 patients based on purposive sampling techniques of
exclusion and inclusion criteria. All patients above 18 years of
age referred for the evaluation of cognitive impairment were
included after taking informed and written consent. Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI) Brain was performed using a 1.5 T
MRI scanner (PHILIPS ACHIEVA 16 channel system) as per
the department protocol. The axis was taken perpendicular to
long axis of hippocampus on sagittal, and perpendicular to the
commissures intersecting the mamillary bodies on coronal. The
MMSE and lobar cortical atrophy scores (Schelten’s, DaviesMattis-Kipps, Fazekas, Pasquier and Koedam) were recorded
for each patient and imaging diagnosis was made. The data was
then analysed for statistics. Frequency percentage distribution of
range of MMSE, Pearson Coefficient of Correlation and Fisher’s
exact test, Chi-squared Test and Sig. (2-tailed) correlation
were used. Statistical measurement was done using Statistical
Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.
Results: There was statistically significant association
(p<0.05) between Schelten’s and Mattis imaging scores with
MMSE. This determines that there exists relationship between
degree of cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration
predominantly temporal lobe. However, linear coefficient
of correlation (r>0.3) was noted between MMSE severity
and Schelten’s, Davies-Mattis-Kipps and Fazekas grading.
This determines that there is a moderately positive linear
relationship between the two variables.
Conclusion: MRI Brain is the investigation of choice in patients
with cognitive impairment to categorise the patients based on
aetiology and stage the disease that could be misdiagnosed
on clinical assessment alone. MRI also diagnoses stage of
dementia that affects the prognosis and outcome of the patient.
Patients with cognitive impairment irrespective of MMSE score
severity need to undergo neuroimaging that helps in improvising
patient management at the earliest. |
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| ISSN: | 2277-8543 2455-6874 |